众文网1.英语翻译论文论文开题报告怎么写
开题报告，老师一般会给模板，还要看你题目是什么。
这是我的开题报告，你参考一下吧。 课题名称 An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese 试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异 课题来源 Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor 一、课题背景及意义 （课题的立题依据及研究意义） Research Background: A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people's attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture. When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the common illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people's daily life. Research Significance: As the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into account the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance communication skills, avoid conflict of cultures. 二、课题研究现状及发展趋势 （课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向） Research Status: Study of color words has long attracted linguists' attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, due to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, comparative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance.. Research Tendency: 21st century's color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality. 三、研究内容及研究目标 （对研究的内容进行说明，并阐明要达到的目标） Research Contents: A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms 1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 1.1 Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified 1.2 Black Is Associated With Profit 1.3 Black Is Associated With the Black People 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 2.1 Black Is Associated With the Death 2.2 Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate 2.3 Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful 2.4 Black Is Associated With Anger B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms 1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 1.1 White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky 1.2 White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty 2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms 2.1 White Is Associated With Death and Poor 2.2 White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms 1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 1.1 Red Is Associated With Honor and Love 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms 2.1 Red is Associated with the Obscenity 2.2 Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism. 2.3 Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss D. Cultural 。
2.如何写英语专业本科论文的开题报告
论文题目：中文题目一般不宜超过15-20个汉字，英文题目一般不宜超过两行。
英文题目： 英文题目与中文题目对应。题目的首字母，题目中各单词首字母大写，但以下情况例外：冠词不大写；不满五个字母的虚词（如介词、连词） 不得大写，满五个字母的虚词可大写，也可小写，满七个字母的虚词（如： through）必须大写。
例 The Effect of Classroom Management on High School Academic Achievement
I.（引言） Introduction
各小标题：顶格，Times New Roman， 小四号字，加粗，1.5倍行距；
段落：首行缩进，Times New Roman， 小四号字，1.25倍行距。下同。
Introduction
Discourse analysis is the attempt by various linguists to extend themethods of analysis for the description of words and sentences to the study oflarger structures in, or involved in the production of, connected discourse. …
As linguistic has become all the more popular in the field of …
1. Topic of the debates
The notion of “topic” is clearly an inquisitively satisfactory wayof describing a strict principle that people have been in obedience with forquite a long time, and this principle makes one stretch of discourse aboutsomething and the next stretch about something else (Brown,1983:76). Hence,it is used very frequently in discourse analysis. …
1.1 Comparison of sentential topic
Sentential topic is associated with the descriptions of sentencestructure. …
1.2 Comparison of discourse topic
Sentential topic is not the traditional topic we usually mean. Therefore，…
3.英语专业毕业论文的开题报告应该怎么写
英语专业毕业论文分为好几类，比如有文学方面的，商务英语方面的，教学法方面，语言学方面，文化方面的，翻译方面的等等。
每个方向有各自的写作要求，但都包括Title, Abstract, Introduction, Body, Conclusion,Notes, Bibliography, Acknowledgement。当然，在写之前还要写选题报告，开题报告还有结题报告。
写文学方面的要看英文原著，当然也可搜索大量资料，但要想写出好的文章得到高分必须要Do it by yourself. 还有我想说的是论文最好提早下手，这样才可以有大量时间不断的修改。 总之，要写出好论文就得多用心，多找资料，多跟论文导师交流，多看，多写。
4.英语专业毕业论文开题报告
Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies
1 Introduction
The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).
DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
5.英语专业毕业论文的开题报告应该怎么写
英语专业毕业论文分为好几类，比如有文学方面的，商务英语方面的，教学法方面，语言学方面，文化方面的，翻译方面的等等。
每个方向有各自的写作要求，但都包括Title, Abstract, Introduction, Body, Conclusion,Notes, Bibliography, Acknowledgement。当然，在写之前还要写选题报告，开题报告还有结题报告。
写文学方面的要看英文原著，当然也可搜索大量资料，但要想写出好的文章得到高分必须要Do it by yourself.还有我想说的是论文最好提早下手，这样才可以有大量时间不断的修改。总之，要写出好论文就得多用心，多找资料，多跟论文导师交流，多看，多写。
6.求一篇本科英语专业毕业论文开题报告样式
一、XXXXXXX学院本科毕业论文（设计）开题报告书
论文（设计）题目 跨文化交际中的肢体语言
作 者 姓 名 xxx 所属学部、专业、年级 外国语言文学学部英语专业2006级
指导教师姓名、职称 xxx 副教授 预计字数 6000字 开题日期
选题的根据：
跨文化交际研究的基本内容之一就是非语言交际，而肢体语言又是非语言交际的重要内容，肢体语言与外语一样，都是文化的一部分。除一些世界公认的肢体语言外，不同的文化还有各自的肢体语言，相同的肢体语言形式可能具有完全不同的意义。在跨文化交际中，如果肢体语言信息处理不好，有时会产生误解。在学习外语的同时，多了解一些国外常用的肢体语言是会有帮助作用的。文化背景不同，操不同语言的人在交谈时，由于文化上的不同，即使语言准确无误，也会产生误会。对于不同的人们，同一个词或同一种表达方式可以具有不同的意义。因此，了解肢体语言，尤其是在跨文化交际中的肢体语言就显得尤为必要了。
无论在文化艺术交流中，还是在科技发展交流中，肢体语言都能起到增进信息传达效率及准确度的作用，它已被广泛应用到文化生活的各个领域，其重要性也已为大众所认识。美国南加州大学教授，格莱斯博士能够通过解读别人的声音、言语、面部表情和肢体语言密码，识破这四种密码的一些线索来取得信息。肢体语言的应用的实例不胜枚举，比如表演、教学、心理学肢体语言等。本文将对跨文化交际中出现的问题作出阐述并尝试研究解决方案。
主要内容：
首先介绍肢体语言的概念及其在日常生活当中的应用，然后进一步介绍其在跨文化交际中的运用，并利用理论和实例说明研究肢体语言的研究意义以及出现的问题。在接下来的部分里再补充说明如何解决问题，正确使用肢体语言帮助非肢体语言表达。最后得出结论，肢体语言在跨文化交际里扮演着极其重要的角色，了解和正确使用肢体语言是必要的。
研究方法：
调查法：有目的、有计划、有系统的搜集有关研究对象现实状况或历史状况的材料，并对调查搜集到的大量资料进行分析、综合、比较、归纳，得出规律性知识。
观察法：根据一定的研究目的、研究提纲或观察表，用自己的感官和辅助工具去直接观察被研究对象，从而获得资料。
描述性研究法：将已有的现象、规律和理论通过自己的理解和验证，给予叙述并解释出来。
文献分析法：根据一定的研究目的或课题，通过调查文献来获得资料，从而全面地、正确地了解掌握所要研究问题
完成期限和采取的主要措施：
完成期限：
1.2008.9-2008.11 分析原著，查找并研读资料
2.2008.12 完成开题报告，拟定提纲
3.2009.2 完成第一稿
4.2009.3 月中旬完成第二稿
5.2009.4 定稿
主要措施：网上查询；去图书馆和资料室查资料；指导老师提出意见；同学讨论。
主要参考资料：
[1] 贾新玉. 跨文化交际学[M]. 上海：上海外语教育出版社， 1998.
[2] 胡文仲，毕继万. 跨文化非语言交际[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2004.
[3] 陈原. 社会语言学[M]. 北京：学林出版社， 1983.
[4] Larry A. Samovar, Richard E. Porter & Lisa A. Stefani. Communication between Cultures[M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press & Thomson Learning Press, 2000.
[5] Mey, J. L. Pragmatics: An Introduction [M]. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1993/2001.
指导教师意见：
签 名：
年 月 日
7.如何写英语专业本科论文的开题报告
论文题目：中文题目一般不宜超过15-20个汉字，英文题目一般不宜超过两行。
英文题目： 英文题目与中文题目对应。题目的首字母，题目中各单词首字母大写，但以下情况例外：冠词不大写；不满五个字母的虚词（如介词、连词） 不得大写，满五个字母的虚词可大写，也可小写，满七个字母的虚词（如： through）必须大写。
例 The Effect of Classroom Management on High School Academic Achievement
I.（引言） Introduction
各小标题：顶格，Times New Roman， 小四号字，加粗，1.5倍行距；
段落：首行缩进，Times New Roman， 小四号字，1.25倍行距。下同。
Introduction
Discourse analysis is the attempt by various linguists to extend themethods of analysis for the description of words and sentences to the study oflarger structures in, or involved in the production of, connected discourse. …
As linguistic has become all the more popular in the field of …
1. Topic of the debates
The notion of “topic” is clearly an inquisitively satisfactory wayof describing a strict principle that people have been in obedience with forquite a long time, and this principle makes one stretch of discourse aboutsomething and the next stretch about something else (Brown,1983:76). Hence,it is used very frequently in discourse analysis. …
1.1 Comparison of sentential topic
Sentential topic is associated with the descriptions of sentencestructure. …
1.2 Comparison of discourse topic
Sentential topic is not the traditional topic we usually mean. Therefore，…
8.求一篇翻译类论文的开题报告 英文的
United States Senate Committee on Appropriations
The United States Senate Committee on Appropriations is a standing committee of the United States Senate. It has jurisdiction over all discretionary spending legislation in the Senate.
The Senate Appropriations Committee is the largest committee in the U.S. Senate, consisting of 30 members. Its role is defined by the U.S. Constitution, which requires "appropriations made by law" prior to the expenditure of any money from the Treasury, and is therefore one of the most powerful committees in the Senate. The committee was first organized on March 6, 1867, when power over appropriations was taken out of the hands of the Finance Committee.
The appropriations process
The federal budget is divided into two main categories: discretionary spending and mandatory spending. Each appropriations subcommittee develops a draft appropriations bill covering each agency under its jurisdiction based on the Congressional Budget Resolution, which is drafted by an analogous Senate Budget committee. Each subcommittee must adhere to the spending limits set by the budget resolution and allocations set by the full Appropriations Committee, though the full Senate may vote to waive those limits if 60 senators vote to do so. The committee also reviews supplemental spending bills (covering unforeseen or emergency expenses not previously budgeted).
Each appropriations bill must be passed by both houses of Congress and signed by the president prior to the start of the federal fiscal year, October 1. If that target is not met, as has been common in recent years, the committee drafts a continuing resolution, which is then approved by Congress and signed by the President to keep the federal government operating until the individual bills are approved.
9.英语专业毕业论文的开题报告怎么写
在网上找的 我也刚写完 这个差不多很规范了本科毕业论文开题报告论文题目the Application and Innovation of Gothicism in Wuthering Heights 一、选题的意义和研究现状1.选题的目的、理论意义和现实意义 长时期以来， 人们视艾米莉•勃朗特为英国文学中的“斯芬克斯”。
关于她本人和她的作品都有很多难解之谜， 许多评论家从不同的角度、采用不同的方法去研究， 得出了不同的结论， 因而往往是旧谜刚解， 新谜又出， 解谜热潮似永无休止。 本文立足于欧美文学中的哥特传统研究《呼啸山庄》的创作源泉， 指出艾米莉•勃朗特在主题、人物形象、环境刻画、意象及情节构造等方面都借鉴了哥特传统， 同时凭借其超乎寻常的想象力， 将现实与超现实融为一体， 给陈旧的形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度和新鲜活力， 达到了哥特形式与激情内容的完美统一， 使《呼啸山庄》既超越了哥特体裁的“黑色浪漫主义”， 又超越了维多利亚时代的“现实主义”， 从而展现出独具一格、经久不衰的艺术魅力。
2.与选题相关的国内外研究和发展概况 各民族的文学中都有许多惊险、恐怖的故事， 但似乎没有哪一种文学像英美文学那样不仅创作出数量众多、质量优秀的恐怖文学作品， 而且还形成了一个持续发展、影响广泛的哥特传统（ Gothic tradition） 。哥特文学现在已经成为英美文学研究中的一个重要领域。
对哥特文学的认真研究开始于20 世纪二三十年代， 到70 年代以后， 由于新的学术思潮和文学批评观念的影响， 该研究出现了前所未有而且日趋高涨的热潮。根据在国际互联网上的搜索， 到2000 年9月为止， 英美等国的学者除发表了大量关于哥特文学的论文外， 还至少出版专著达184部， 其中1970 年以后为126 部， 仅90 年代就达59 部， 几乎占总数的三分之一。
当然，近年来哥特文学研究的状况不仅在于研究成果迅速增加， 更重要的是它在深度和广度方面都大为拓展， 并且把哥特传统同英美乃至欧洲的历史、社会、文化和文学的总体发展结合起来。二、研究方案1.研究的基本内容及预期的结果（大纲） 研究的基本内容：本文立足于欧美文学中的哥特传统研究《呼啸山庄》的创作源泉， 指出艾米莉•勃朗特在主题、人物形象、环境刻画、意象及情节构造等方面都借鉴了哥特传统， 同时凭借其超乎寻常的想象力， 将现实与超现实融为一体， 给陈旧的形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度和新鲜活力， 达到了哥特形式与激情内容的完美统一， 使《呼啸山庄》既超越了哥特体裁的“黑色浪漫主义”， 又超越了维多利亚时代的“现实主义”， 从而展现出独具一格、经久不衰的艺术魅力。
预期的结果（大纲）：1.A Survey of Gothic 1.1 Definition of Gothic 1.2 the Origin of Gothic Novels 1.2.1 Historical Reasons 1.2.1.1 Folklore in Germantic Nationality 1.2.1.2 Drama in the Renaissance 1.2.1.3 the Bible and Legends in Christianity 1.2.2 Development of the Novel Itself 1.2.2.1 Challenge of Romanticism to Rationalism 1.2.2.2 Sublime and Beautiful2. Emily's Gothic Heritage 2.1 Theme 2.1.1 Good and Evil 2.1.2 Revenge 2.2 Characters Description 2.2.1 Villain-hero 2.2.2 Delicate Young Girl 2.3 Atmosphere, Environment and Plot 2.3.1 Terror 2.3.2 Mystery 2.3.3 Supernatural3.Emily's Gothic Innovation 3.1 Combination of romanticism and Realism 3.1.1 Change of the Background 3.1.2 Use of Symbolism 3.1.3 Stream of Consciousness 3.1.4 Illusion and Subconsciousness 3.2. Description of Figure Emotion and PsychologyReference2.拟采用的研究方法 主要有资料查找、理论探讨研究、阅读法3.研究所需条件和可能存在的问题研究所需条件：纸张、打印设备、图书馆、互联网上获取国内外文献资料；可能存在的问题：（1）文献不足； （2） 由于个人的观点和能力，使对研究对象分析不够全面和深入。三、研究进度安排、参考文献及审查意见1.研究进度安排（1）论文指导第一周（学期第八周）：学生完成初稿。
（2）论文指导第二周（学期第九周）：指导教师审阅论文初稿后发回修改。（3）论文指导第三周（学期第十周）：学生交论文第二稿。
（4）论文指导第四周（学期第十一周）：指导教师审阅第二稿并发回给学生进一步修改。（5）论文指导第五周（学期第十二周）：定稿（6）论文指导第六周（学期第十三周）：交定稿的打印稿和电子文本。
（7）论文指导第六周（学期第十三周）：本周星期五至论文指导第七周（学期第周）星期五，指导教师和评阅教师写评语，学生做好答辩准备。（8）论文指导第七周（学期第十四周）：星期三至论文指导第八周（学期第十五周）开展答辩工作。
2. 应收集资料及主要参考文献（不少于8条）[1] Bronte, Charlotte. 1907. Charlotte Bronte's preface to the second edition, Wuthering Heights. London: J. M. Dent Sons Ltd. p. 20.[2] Gerin, Winifred. 1971. Emily Bronte [M]. New York: Oxford University Press.[3] Marie, Mulvey-Roberts. ed. 1998.The handbook to gothic literature [A]. New York: New York University Press. p. 83.[4] Punter, David. 1980. The Literature of Terror [M]. London: Longman. p. 6.[5] 方平. 1993。
10.英语专业（翻译小说）的开题报告里边的选文背景和选文意义怎么写呀
英语毕业论文开题报告本科一般一000-二000字吧，研究生多点。
字数不是关键，主要是内容，当时我写了几次都没过，还是学长给介绍的莫文中国，高手就是不一般，一次性就通过了 经贸英语语篇翻译策略探析 旅游景点英语翻译中的跨文化意识探析 跨文化交际中的新闻英语翻译实践探讨 从功能角度研究商务英语翻译的原则和策略 大学英语翻译教学存在的问题及对策 浅谈科技英语翻译中的常见错误及应对技巧 论国际商务英语翻译的多元化标准 英语翻译中笔译要点分析 优先出版 大学英语翻译教学的问题与对策研究 文化视角下的旅游英语翻译 科技英语翻译的省译 商务英语翻译教学的探索与思考 国际科技交流中科技英语翻译存在的问题及技巧探析 语义翻译和交际翻译观下科技英语翻译研究 影响法律英语翻译的因素 商务英语翻译的文化适应性问题探析 国际商务英语翻译中的文化信息等值研究 构建任务型商务英语翻译课程教学的研究 旅游英语翻译与本土文化对接的思考 项目依托式EAP教学实践研究——以《科技英语翻译》教学为例 高中阶段英语翻译教学现状的调查研究 国际贸易中商务英语翻译的文化差异及应对策略 框架语义学视角下的英汉科技翻译研究 基于功能翻译理论的高职院校土木工程专业英语翻译与教学研究 中国职业男子篮球俱乐部体育英语翻译现状调查和改善对策研究 康巴藏区旅游英语翻译现状调查研究 商务英语翻译中文化意象的传递 高职英语专业英语翻译课教改初探 探讨中西文化差异对英语翻译的影响 论文化转向对商务英语翻译的启示 非英语专业硕士研究生科技英语翻译能力分析 航海英语翻译若干问题 商务英语翻译教材建构模式探微 国内英语翻译现状分析及产业化思考 从建构主义观点谈商务英语翻译教。
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