众文网1.请帮我翻译一篇关于工业工程的外文文献
在很大程度上手册和重复的任务和输出是不争的事实。
在第二次世界大战之后，研究工作开始慢慢地进入了背景为工业工程师将注意力转移到更多的定量分析所作的努力。一些工程师，还涉及工厂，开始发展的一般模型，有效的生产和分销。
其他人发展中的数学优化搜索较少的困境，他们可以申请模型不仅能生产，并且对卫生保健、运输和军事行动。还有其它工业工程师创建领域的风险和决策分析的工具，设计可以使用任何决策。
工程研究工作的控制，显示和迁移往人机界面：主题应该更严谨在实验室中进行比在工厂。大约在同时，工作的本质开始改变。
最初，变化的速率被充分慢，这是不合理的，对一些工业工程师的概念和技术开发为工厂保持足够的大多数其他的工作。有证据表明，然而，在当代社会已经改变了足以提供这样一个假设嫌疑人（非，1999年），美国的职业结构已经发生了巨大的变化。
在过去的50年。蓝领就业已经稳步减少而白领工作已经扩大。
现在超过就业服务于制造业就业。专业技术职业雇用更多的美国人，今天比任何其他职业领域进行劳动统计局的数据。
动态的职业群体内的工作已经发生了很大的变化。
2.谁有与工业工程有关的外文论文资料啊
The temperature and humidity sensors were to detect the temperature and humidity to the physical conversion into electrical signals, with their low noise amplifier (LNA) to enlarge, ADC (A / D), to TA89C52 SCM data analysis Processing. The crew accepted the top of the visit, according to the need to temperature, humidity real-time data transmitted to the PC, from PC to the warehouse temperature and humidity data recorded and dealt with accordingly. As different areas, different environment on the granary temperature and humidity requirements of different users can plus keyboard, in the context of the need to set arbitrary system monitor the temperature and humidity indicators, so that the system adapt to different needs. The system of using high-precision temperature sensor LM35DZ, characterized by low power consumption, at room temperature and under no circumstances can be calibrated to provide the linear range factor of +10 mV / ℃. HS11 system used in the relative humidity sensor. He used solid polymers patent structure, its unique performance breakthrough in the traditional area of the humidity sensor: the complete interchangeability without calibration, recovery and response time is short, the accuracy of ± 3% RH, humidity range 0 ~ 100% RH . The crew established by the fire, burglar alarm function, the fire alarm is set to the highest priority. When the smoke / flame sensor detected "a situation", the detection circuit output of 48 kHz square wave signals, the TA89C52 judgement, confirmed after the launch of similar sound alarm fire engines. When pyroelectric infrared sensors to detect "the situation", by the detection circuit output of 36 kHz square wave sent TA89C52 judgement, confirmed after the police launched a similar alarm sounds, to create a differentiation. Once a warning signal there, will be the order of RAM in the AT89C52, the crew sent alarm signal, the alarm at the same time, time, place (warehouse), alarm types of data to the PC, until the PC response so far. Staff must be required to operate out of warehouses, PC will be recorded visit to the warehouse, and the time to visit.。
3.谁有与工业工程有关的外文论文资料啊
The temperature and humidity sensors were to detect the temperature and humidity to the physical conversion into electrical signals, with their low noise amplifier (LNA) to enlarge, ADC (A / D), to TA89C52 SCM data analysis Processing. The crew accepted the top of the visit, according to the need to temperature, humidity real-time data transmitted to the PC, from PC to the warehouse temperature and humidity data recorded and dealt with accordingly. As different areas, different environment on the granary temperature and humidity requirements of different users can plus keyboard, in the context of the need to set arbitrary system monitor the temperature and humidity indicators, so that the system adapt to different needs. The system of using high-precision temperature sensor LM35DZ, characterized by low power consumption, at room temperature and under no circumstances can be calibrated to provide the linear range factor of +10 mV / ℃. HS11 system used in the relative humidity sensor. He used solid polymers patent structure, its unique performance breakthrough in the traditional area of the humidity sensor: the complete interchangeability without calibration, recovery and response time is short, the accuracy of ± 3% RH, humidity range 0 ~ 100% RH . The crew established by the fire, burglar alarm function, the fire alarm is set to the highest priority. When the smoke / flame sensor detected "a situation", the detection circuit output of 48 kHz square wave signals, the TA89C52 judgement, confirmed after the launch of similar sound alarm fire engines. When pyroelectric infrared sensors to detect "the situation", by the detection circuit output of 36 kHz square wave sent TA89C52 judgement, confirmed after the police launched a similar alarm sounds, to create a differentiation. Once a warning signal there, will be the order of RAM in the AT89C52, the crew sent alarm signal, the alarm at the same time, time, place (warehouse), alarm types of data to the PC, until the PC response so far. Staff must be required to operate out of warehouses, PC will be recorded visit to the warehouse, and the time to visit.。
4.谁能帮我提供一篇有关工业设计方面的英文文献吗
industrial design design of products made by large-scale industry for mass distribution. Designing such products means, first, planning their structure, operation, and appearance and then planning these to fit efficient production, distribution, and selling procedures. Clearly, appearance is but one factor in such a complex process. Nevertheless, in consumer goods especially, appearance design is widely accepted as the principal virtue of industrial design; it is that portion of the whole least subject to rational analysis and, like craft secrets of the past, most advantageous in commercial competition. On the other hand, design of equipment for production, for services, and for sports is expected to demonstrate utility; but in these products, too, appearance design is increasingly important. Industrial design is supplied to manufacturers by three kinds of designers: staff designers, fully employed by one firm; designers under contract, who may serve several clients simultaneously, generally avoiding conflicts of interest; and free-lancers, who sell designs, often with royalty agreements, to the best-paying manufacturer. The first industrial designer recognized as such worked under admirable conditions: Peter Behrens (1868–1940) in 1907 was hired by the Allgemeine Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft in Germany to be their architect, industrial designer, and graphic designer—in fact, to give unified visible character to the numerous activities of a giant enterprise. Behrens had other clients and professional duties besides. A member of the architectural profession, Behrens applied its standards and ethics to his work as industrial designer, founding in 1907, with others, an important association of designers and businessmen, the Deutscher Werkbund. As a direct result, a number of these German and Swiss associations became well-established professional organizations of industrial designers. In the United States and Great Britain industrial designers initiated legally recognized professional associations, with codes of conduct, educational standards, etc. In London the Royal Society of Arts designates qualifying practitioners as Royal Designers for Industry; in the United States the Industrial Designers Society of America grants memberships only to those subscribing to codes and limitations of practice. In Britain the Council of Industrial Design was established in 1944 to advise on design, recommend designers, and provide courses in design appreciation for trade and exhibitions for the public. The International Council of Societies of Industrial Design was founded in London in 1957, and within 25 years it had members in more than 40 countries. Industrial design has evolved no unified style, even for industries in which handwork is minimized. There have been, however, four significant style trends. The first of these is an emphasis on impersonality that Behrens was the first to establish. Design for industry, whether determined by an individual or by a group, shows a certain neutrality of expression. Impersonality has, on the one hand, been acclaimed as a natural aspect of mass production and marketing, of average taste in a democratic community; on the other hand, it has been criticized as submission to the machine, contradictory to free, individual expression. The style has, so far, persisted. A second trend in industrial design is packaging, such that the designer provides a protective case for a product, leaving the inner workings to engineers. Complicated mechanical and electronic assemblies that have come into common use require protective shells for safety, cleanliness, and orderly appearance. In this instance, industrial designers are sometimes accused of superficial embellishment of a sort suitable to package design and fashion. The third trend is streamlining, a design principle pioneered by Raymond Loewy and others in the 1930s and still widely employed, although the term itself has fallen out of fashion. As the name suggests, streamlining is characterized by contours designed to minimize resistance to motion through a fluid (as air). Originally associated with trains, automobiles, and other vehicles, the bullet shapes and sleek lines of streamlining were seized by industrial designers and applied to objects (e.g., toasters) intrinsically unassociated with speed. The fourth trend is artificially accelerated obsolescence, that is, design changes that intentionally tempt owners to replace goods with new purchases more frequently than would be necessary as a result of normal wear and tear or established custom. Beginning in the field of fashion, artificial obsolescence has become 。
5.急求工业工程专业毕业论文一篇
《工业工程专业》毕业设计教学大纲 课程编码：1238 名 称：《工业工程》毕业设计 专 业：工业工程 周 数：18周 一，毕业设计意义和目的 工业工程专业（本科）毕业设计是全面培养，综合训练工业工程专业本科学生的重要环节，是知识深化，拓宽教学内容的重要过程，可对学生的综合素质和工程实践能力进行全面检验，是实现本科培养目标的重要阶段. 通过毕业设计，着重培养学生综合分析和解决工业工程相关实际问题的能力；培养学生独立工作的能力以及严谨，扎实的工作作风和事业心，责任感；掌握工业工程基本理论，技术，方法，着重解决制造系统中的实际工业工程问题；使学生接受工业工程师的基本训练，为学生将来走上工作岗位，独立，顺利完成所承担的工作任务奠定基础. 二，选题的原则及题目难度，深度，广度要求 （一）题目要求 本专业毕业设计选题主要以工程与设计类（毕业设计）为主，原则上不选择管理与研究类题目.具体要求为： 选题要求：毕业设计指导教师所出的题目要符合工业工程专业培养目标和教学基本要求，在学生受到工业工程师基本训练的基础上，做到题目具有先进性和一定的完整性，尽可能反映工业工程的新技术，新理论，新方法，力求结合生产，科研任务进行. 题目新颖性要求：题目尽量做到每年更新，对已有题目要求说明新的任务和目标. 设计内容要求：设计要做到目标明确，工作量充足，难易程度切实可行；设计内容要求有足够的深度和一定的代表性，使学生切实受到专业基本功的训练；坚持每生一题，对大而难的选题可分解为若干子题，但要有明确分工；对于能力强的学生可适当加深加宽设计内容. 题目工作量要求：从查阅文献，调查研究开始，按学生每天工作6~8小时，一共16~20周完成来设定的工作量. （二）选题范围 根据西安工业学院工业工程专业本科毕业生的培养目标和目前IE工程师主要从事的工 作提出以下选题，以供参考（题目力求解决生产系统，服务系统中的实际问题）： 工作研究与效率 运用方法研究对工厂生产系统的改进与设计； 运用方法研究优化工厂物流系统的设计； 运用方法研究提高企业生产效率的设计； 动作研究的经济效果分析； 利用作业测定制定科学的时间定额，作业标准，对企业减员增产的设计. 生产率研究 生产率测定的研究； 影响企业生产率的因素与生产率提高研究； 降低能耗的途径与方法研究. 人因工程 降低作业疲劳提高作业能力的途径与方法； 影响工作质量的环境因素研究； 人体测量学在人机系统设计中的应用； 人机系统分析与评价； 事故与可操作性分析. 运筹学应用 利用网络计划编制大型工程进度计划； 运用排队论进行最优设计和最优控制； 利用存储论进行库存优化设计； 运筹学其它理论的应用实例. 系统工程应用 系统评价与决策； 系统仿真在生产系统（或服务系统）中的应用； 信息系统的开发与应用 生产作业层的信息化（如CAI,CAQC,PDM等）； 管理办公层的信息化（如MIS,ERP,MRPII,OA,WFS）； 战略决策层的信息化（如：DSS,ES）. 工程经济 企业投资风险分析； 工程技术经济效益的评价与分析； 经济效益的评价方法研究； 工程项目的可行性研究； 设备更新的技术经济分析. 价值工程 价值工程在企业中的应用； 提高价值的途径及应用； 以最低成本实现产品功能的途径及应用. 物流工程 企业物流系统规划及合理化研究； 物料搬运设备的选用与设计； 物流搬运系统优化与设计； 现代仓储系统的规划与设计； 配送中心规划与设计； 物流系统优化与仿真. 10，生产与库存管理 生产的组织，计划与控制； 降低在制品的途径与方法； 库存控制与分析； 降低库存的途径与方法； ERP,MRPII在企业的应用； JIT应用. 11，质量管理与可靠性工程 提高产品可靠性的途径； 全面质量管理在企业中的应用； 制造过程中的质量控制应用； 质量成本控制在企业中的应用； 12，先进制造模式 GT在制造系统中的应用及效益分析； MC相关技术，策略及应用； AM或LP在企业中的应用； VM及应用. 三，设计内容及要求 1.毕业设计论文内容要求 工业工程专业毕业设计所提交的论文正文应包含的主要内容如下： 选题的论证 方案比较与选择 原理与理论分析 工程设计与计算 技术经济分析或规划，控制和决策 建模，仿真，数据处理与分析，评价及优化 反映计算机应用能力和外文资料阅读，利用能力的内容 以上内容可根据具体课题有所侧重，但要求学生毕业设计所提交的论文的设计，论证逻辑过程清晰，有必要的分析，计算，设计依据和过程，能反映学生综合运用IE方法，理论解决实际问题的能力. 2.论文格式和工作量要求 本专业学生毕业设计论文格式严格按照《西安工业学院毕业设计论文规范》的要求执行，论文工作量具体要求为： 毕业设计论文正文字数18000字以上. 补充说明： a，管理或研究类毕业论文正文字数25000字以上，要求有创新； b，信息系统设计及仿真类题目正文字数12000字以上. 英文资料翻译不少于1000单词，内容为与设计相关的英文资料. 参考文献不少于15篇，其中包括5篇以上期刊文献，3篇以上英文文献（其中1篇英文文献翻译成汉语），要求正文标注参考文献. puter company in the stock market continued to decline times, too, were several acquisitions. Companies had requested the original Apple CEO Steve Qiaobusi back. 1998 Apple computer company officially launched a brand-new release of the Apple iMac computer concepts, the traditional separation between the server PC, monitors and integrated box, and discarded the rice yellow line frames, with translucent warrants, five colors of colour frames. Despite the iMac in technology and skills are not too happy, and prices higher than other computers hundreds dollars, but the products on the market, has been warmly welcomed in the United States, when almost every 15 seconds one iMac was sold, Apple stock with the rapid rise, setting off an unprecedented industry boom. September 1998, the U.S. market research company PC Data authority statistics show that : listed only in the end of August l7 days iMac rapidly among American computer market size No. 2. December 1998, PC Data reports : in the U.S. retail market in November 1998 and two ranking order, the high top, with an estimated total U.S. PC sales of 7.1% and total income 8.2% of total retail. According to estimates, industrial appearance every dollar invested, can bring about 1,500 U.S. dollars of income. Japanese company Hitachi is more convincing data, the company each additional 100 billion yen in sales revenue, the role of industrial design as 51%, and the transformation of the role of equipment only 12%. We have seen the market rise, and, more importantly, we see many enterprises in the market, causing storms. While some enterprises, some enterprises to grow. The secret? Because of the dynamics of the environment and long-term business objectives based on real understanding of what is the real core products can create their core products, how to make their own core products to achieve their own values. This is before every enterprise in the world before some of the most realistic, is the world's best successful enterprise solution, of course, is all our enterprises should address one of the largest. Only solve the problem, so that our businesses can truly out of the current deadlock, but also enable the modern enterprise mechanism in the Chinese enterprises to take root and my business really grow in size and strength. Market competition determine any enterprise can only continue to strive to continuously advance, otherwise one day be replaced by other competitors, the community was abandoned. This requires enterprises only continuous innovation. Now sense throughout all levels of product innovation is no longer confined to technical innovation, image innovation, but has entered a new era of standards. Whoever grasps the design standards, grasps the market, the lack of innovation will always be at the bottom of the world. From the products produced by the development process of decline in the birth of one of the initial products are mainly technical standards competition, open technical standards competition, and occupied a consumer market psychology. In a permanent, mainly in the use of saturation comfort, appearance, and post-sales service and product costs in the competition emphasizes personalized consumption, the volume of excess of the needs of consumers for products increasingly detailed. Simple packaging, crude appearance, will be unable to attract the eyes of consumers. Today, in addition to the commodity value of the cost of materials, labour costs, equipment depreciation and the cost of transport and other physical "hard" value, it also includes technical novelty, relevance, quality products overall design, after-sale services and products, such as intangible cultural "soft" values, with the consumption of renewal and the continued development of the market, soft value in the proportion of the value of goods is increasing. Same products, same function, the same production costs, due to differences in design may make the price difference times. Therefore, the design of a product is not enterprise general relevance. Product life and the value of life products with business interests are inseparable. This decision is a product of life it can bring to the enterprise profits when products can not bring profits to the enterprise, the products will come to the time of the withdrawal from the stage of history. Short product life, may lead to loss of enterprises, so that enterprises carried a heavy debt burden. Therefore, its social value may also smaller. Now the market due to technical update pace of cha。
8.急求一篇关于工业设计的英文论文,15000字符以上
工业设计 Industrial Design .sg/books?hl=en&id=B-NS3KW8RJ8C&dq=Industrial+Design+&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=ViZeIxrx5U&sig= designIndustrial design is an applied art whereby the aesthetics and usability of products may be improved for marketability and production. The role of an Industrial Designer is to create and execute design solutions towards problems of engineering, usability, marketing, brand development and sales.Definition of industrial Designers are a cross between a mechanical engineer and an artist. They study both function and form, and the connection between product and the user. They do not design the gears or motors that make machines move, or the circuits that control the movement. And usually, they partner with engineers and marketers, to identify and fulfill needs, wants and expectations.In Depth"Industrial Design (ID) is the professional service of creating and developing concepts and specifications that optimize the function, value and appearance of products and systems for the mutual benefit of both user and manufacturer." According to the IDSA (Industrial Design Society of America)Design, itself, is often difficult to define to non-designers because the meaning accepted by the design community is not one made of words. Instead, the definition is created as a result of acquiring a critical framework for the analysis and creation of artifacts. One of the many accepted (but intentionally unspecific) definitions of design originates from Carnegie Mellon's School of Design, "Design is the process of taking something from its existing state and moving it to a preferred state". This applies to new artifacts, whose existing state is undefined and previously created artifacts, whose state stands to be improved.According to the (Chartered Society of Designers) design is a force that delivers innovation that in turn has exploited creativity. Their design framework known as the Design Genetic Matrix (TM) determines a set of competences in 4 key genes that are identified to define the make up of designers and communicate to a wide audience what they do. Within these genes the designer demonstrates the core competences of a designer and specific competences determine the designer as an 'industrial designer'. This is normally within the context of delivering innovation in the form of a three dimensional product that is produced in quantity. However the definition also extends to products that have been produced using an industrial process. Industrial design is rapidly becoming an obsolete term as 'products' can now be industrially produced as 'one-offs' by the use of Rapid Prototyping Machines. In a post-industrial era and with the emergence of strategic design definitions such as this are incumbering designers and the advancement of design practice.According to the ICSID, (International Council of Societies of Industrial Design) "Design is a creative activity whose aim is to establish the multi-faceted qualities of objects, processes, services and their systems in whole life-cycles. Therefore, design is the central factor of innovative humanization of technologies and the crucial factor of cultural and economic exchange.Process of designAlthough the process of design may be considered 'creative', many analytical processes also take place. In fact, many industrial designers often use various design methodologies in their creative process. Some of the processes that are commonly used are user research, sketching, comparative product research, model making, prototyping and testing. These processes can be chronological, or as best defined by the designers and/or other team members. Industrial Designers often utilize 3D software, Computer-aided industrial design and CAD programs to move from concept to production. Product characteristics specified by the industrial designer may include the overall form of the object, the location of details with respect to one another, colors, texture, sounds, and aspects concerning the use of the product ergonomics. Additionally the industrial designer may specify aspects concerning the production process, choice of materials and the way the product is presented to the consumer at the point of sale. The use of industrial designers in a product development process may lead to added values by improved usability, lowered production costs and more appealing products. However, some classic industrial designs are considered as much works of art as works of engineering: the iPod, Coke bottl。
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