众文网1.求一篇关于电子商务的外文翻译 （中文+英文）
Internet作为电子商务的载体，已成为企业必不可少的信息采集、传输和交换的工具，网络（信息）时代的到来为基于Internet的IT服务业注入了新的活力，
Internet is electronic vehicle for business on line, it turns to be unsplit tool for company for the purpose of collection, transferring and exchange for information, with the net work ( information) age availability, which input new vigor into IT service industry based on internet.
其中电子商务（Electronic Commerce, EC）更是备受瞩目，已被公认为是影响21世纪世界经济格局的新型经济模式和催化剂。
Whereby, Electronic Commerce is the focus of attention, and regarded as new economic mode and activator for global economics in 21st centrury.
在它经历了三个艰难的发展历程（电子零售、电子贸易和网上交易市场）之后，逐渐成熟起来，它的核心是运用现代计算机通讯技术，
after it passed 3 difficult stages (electronic retail sales, electronic trading and sales market on line), it is mature step by step, it lies in his core tech. from modern computer communication system.
尤其是网络技术为企业进行社会生产经营活动服务，使企业提高生产效益、降低经营成本、优化资源配置，从而实现社会财富的最大化。
Especially net work technology serves for social production operation of companies so as to improve the production output and benefit, to decrease the operation costing, to optimize resource , so that maximum social property can be realised.
特别是对于中小企业来说电子商务通过良好地运用，更能出现一些惊喜的结果。
The most surprising target is achieved by small and medium size enterprises who make good use of electronic business.
本文共分为四章，通过研究电子商务对中小企业的影响和重要性来阐述中小企业在面临这个电子化、网络化的时代所可以采取的一些策略和办法来提高企业的核心竞争力。
The article is drafted in 4 chapters, with the study on the influence and importance of electronic business for small and medium sized companies, it set forth some strategies and actions can be taken in order to improve the company core competency of competition in the net work age.
2.毕业论文外文翻译：关于电子商务与国际贸易方面的
《电子商务与国际贸易》毕业论文电子商务与国际贸易的发展 摘要：本文分析了电子商务在国际贸易中的基本功能和优势，指出了电子商务对国际贸易的影响。
关键词：电子商务，国际贸易，功能，影响基于因特网的、以交易双方为主体，以银行的电子支付和结算为手段. 以客户数据为依托的全新商务模式—— 电子商务正在全球范围内蓬勃兴起.并已成为推动新世纪世界经济增长的关键动力。电子商务的迅猛发展.对传统的国际贸易活动来说.既带来了前所未有的挑战.也提供了十分难得的发展机遇影响将会是十分深远的。
一、电子商务在国际贸易中的基本功能传统的国际贸易活动.环节众多，业务运作过程十分复杂.效率低.周期长.越来越不适应当今国际贸易业务快速发展的需要。电子商务通过因特网将交易涉及的各方连成~体.把其中部分或全部的业务处理过程转移到网上。
与传统的国际贸易活动相对应，电子商务在国际贸易中具有以下基本功能：1.物色贸易伙伴。物色贸易伙伴是开展国际贸易的前提。
利用电子商务物色贸易伙伴 既可以节省大量的人力、物力的投入，而且还不受时间、地点的限制。国内的进出13企业足不出户就可以找到国外的贸易伙伴 国外的客户也可轻而易举地物色到最理想的中国进出13企业。
2.咨询、洽谈 咨询、洽谈是每一笔国际贸易业务的必经程序，也是交易能否成功的关键环节。通过因特网进行咨询和洽谈可以跨越面对面洽谈的限制，提供多种方便的异地交流方式。
3.网上订购与支付。电子商务可借助网站中的邮件交互传递网上的订购.并可通过银行和信用卡公司的参与实现网上支付。
随着网络安全技术的不断发展，网上支付在国际贸易中的优势将会表现得更加明显。4.交易管理。
电子商务使国际贸易的交易管理做到无纸化、网络化，使从事进出13业务的企业可直接通过因特网办理与银行.保险 税务，运输各方有关的电子票据和电子单证，完成部分或全部的结算以及索赔等工作，大大节省了交易过程的时间和费用。二.电子商务在国际贸易中的主要优势1.显著降低国际贸易成本。
与国内贸易相比，国际贸易的单证数量繁多，处理费用高昂。如1 9 9 6年全球跨国贸易中以纸面单据为主的各种杂项开支达3 5O0亿美元， 占当年世贸总值的7% 。
通过电子商务进行国际贸易.既可节省大约90% 左右的文件处理费用，又可缩短交单结汇的时间，加快资金周转.还可节省利息开支.成本优势十分显著。2 交易效率显著提高。
利用电子商务开展国际贸易，买卖双方可采用标准化、电子化的格式合同、提单、保险凭证、发票和汇票、信用证等，使各种相关单证在网上即可实现瞬间传递，大大节省了单证的传输时间.而且还能有效地减少因纸面单证中数据重复录入导致的各种错误.对提高交易效率的作用十分明显。3 全天候业务运作，提高客户满意度。
由于世界各地存在时差.进行国际商务的谈判就相当不便，而利用电子商务可以做到24小时的全天候服务.任何客户都可在全球任何地方、任何时间从网上得到相关企业的各种商务信息。4.减少贸易壁垒.扩大贸易机会。
因特网作为一个全球性的网络，彻底消除了地域的界限.对减少国际贸易中的有形和一无形壁垒有着积极的意义。在网上做生意.没有了宗教信l侮的限制，也没有了种族的歧视.甚至公司的规模和经济实力的差别都显得不再重要。
5 减轻对实物基础设施的依赖。传统的企业开展国际贸易业务都必须拥有相应的基础设施.如办公用房、仓储设施、产品展示厅、销售店铺等。
与开展国内贸易相比.进行国际贸易对实物基础设施的依赖程度要高得多。如果利用电子商务开展国际贸易业务的话，则在这方面的投入显然要小很多。
6.提高外贸企业的国际竞争力。外贸企业可以通过建立相关站点主动发布有关供求信息.及时与客户进行双向沟通与交流.可借助网络宣传自己的企业形象 扩大企业知名度，逐渐利用电子商务这一先进的工具为增强企业的国际市场竞争力服务。
三、电子商务的发展对国际贸易的影响电子商务的发展将对国际贸易产生深远的影响.无论是国际贸易的业务运作，还是各国政府对国际贸易的监管等各个方面都会发生深刻的变化。1.国际贸易的运作环境将发生变化。
随着电子商务的迅速发展，国际贸易的业务活动将会逐渐转移到电子虚拟市场进行。与传统市场的运作方式明显不同的是：在电子虚拟市场上.国际贸易业务的实现形式基本上呈现电子化、数字化、网络化和虚拟化的特点。
2.国际贸易的业务流程将发生改变。电子商务使国际贸易业务运作的流程发生深刻的变化，在交易前，买方通过因特网寻找自己满意的商品和服务，而卖方则可在网络上对其产品进行宣传，及时了解买方的需求，寻找合适的贸易伙伴和恰当的贸易机会；在交易中 交易双方通过因特网对交易进行具体谈判. 谈成后.用电子文件或书面文件的形式签订合同.并通过因特网传递各种贸易单证：交易后.卖方可通过因特网提供售后服务.如发生贸易纠纷.双方还可利用因特网进行必要的磋商。
3.国际贸易的竞争方式将有所不同。在电子商务环境下.企业之间的竞争也将不再是简单的产品或服务的竞争.而是商务模式和供应链之间的竞争 哪家厂商能以最快的速度把。
3.电子商务毕业论文摘要 急需英文版的,麻烦帮翻译一下
E-commerce will gradually replace the traditional business model of the 21st century the core of economic activity. Enterprise Information is the basis for the implementation of e-commerce. Helpful-to-business e-commerce role, the same e-commerce business also brings the risk of short e-commerce enterprise is a double-edged sword, it is necessary to continue to practice in the process of reducing business risk e-commerce in enterprises, give full play to its advantage.
Conduct in the business perspective in this article on the e-commerce, enterprise risk explained in detail and in depth analysis of e-commerce enterprise risk environment, and one by one analysis of the possible causes and risk response measures. For the smooth conduct of business e-commerce activities escort, to try to promote a new era of enterprise e-commerce activities.
4.求关于电子商务的外文参考文献目录,至少五篇写论文要用的,谢谢
[1]《E-commerce: the role of familiarity and trust》D Gefen - Omega, 2013
[2]《What trust means in e-commerce customer relationships: aninterdisciplinary conceptual typology》DH McKnight,2014
[3]《 Fuzzy decision support system for risk analysis in e-commercedevelopment》EWT Ngai, 2013
[4]《 Interactive decision aids for consumer decision making ine-commerce: the influence of perceived strategy restrictiveness》W Wang, 2015
[5]W.R.Cornish.Intellectual Property[M].ll.Sweet&Maxwe,2013
希望能对你有所帮助
5.关于电子商务的外文翻译成中文,中英文都要,2000字以上,要注明
nternet作为电子商务的载体，已成为企业必不可少的信息采集、传输和交换的工具，网络（信息）时代的到来为基于Internet的IT服务业注入了新的活力， Internet is electronic vehicle for business on line, it turns to be unsplit tool for company for the purpose of collection, transferring and exchange for information, with the net work ( information) age availability, which input new vigor into IT service industry based on internet. 其中电子商务（Electronic Commerce, EC）更是备受瞩目，已被公认为是影响21世纪世界经济格局的新型经济模式和催化剂。
Whereby, Electronic Commerce is the focus of attention, and regarded as new economic mode and activator for global econ。网络（信息）时代的到来为基于Internet的IT服务业注入了新的活力， with the net work ( information) age availability，已被公认为是影响21世纪世界经济格局的新型经济模式和催化剂， to decrease the operation costing, transferring and exchange for information，使企业提高生产效益。
The article is drafted in 4 chapters。 Especially net work technology serves for social production operation of companies so as to improve the production output and benefit, it set forth some strategies and actions can be taken in order to improve the company core competency of competition in the net work age，更能出现一些惊喜的结果，已成为企业必不可少的信息采集， it is mature step by step, and regarded as new economic mode and activator for global economics in 21st centrury，逐渐成熟起来、降低经营成本，通过研究电子商务对中小企业的影响和重要性来阐述中小企业在面临这个电子化、传输和交换的工具， so that maximum social property can be realised、电子贸易和网上交易市场）之后， which input new vigor into IT service industry based on internet。
Whereby. 其中电子商务（Electronic Commerce, it lies in his core tech. 在它经历了三个艰难的发展历程（电子零售. 本文共分为四章， with the study on the influence and importance of electronic business for small and medium sized companies, Internet is electronic vehicle for business on line、优化资源配置， Electronic Commerce is the focus of attention, it turns to be unsplit tool for company for the purpose of collection. 特别是对于中小企业来说电子商务通过良好地运用. from modern computer communication system、网络化的时代所可以采取的一些策略和办法来提高企业的核心竞争力，从而实现社会财富的最大化， EC）更是备受瞩目， electronic trading and sales market on line）. 尤其是网络技术为企业进行社会生产经营活动服务。 The most surprising target is achieved by small and medium size enterprises who make good use of electronic business，它的核心是运用现代计算机通讯技术nternet作为电子商务的载体， to optimize resource , after it passed 3 difficult stages (electronic retail sales。
6.20分求助：电子商务论文摘要的英文翻译
Network technology ceaselessness develops especially with IT , Internet globalization upsurge has made human society enter a new information ear between nations. Because international Internet has the characteristic property not being restricted by time , the region,one kind arises at the historic moment with the entirely different tradition business form way by the fact that international Internet carries out business. Some are annual in future inner, international Internet will become maximal trading market of the whole world location , the business machine that the person contains knows no measure. Since in 1998 "Electronic Commerce is annual ", Electronic Commerce is in the whole world development swift and violent, every nine months it's volume of trade doubles approximately right away , the whole world Electronic Commerce volume of trade reaches several thousands hundred million U. S. dollar , Electronic Commerce income drama increases. At present, all the countries in the world finds this piece of Electronic Commerce satisfactory numerously and confusedly New World, regards a important motive force being that several tens future annual world economy develops as development of Electronic Commerce commonly , directs Industrial Revolution before far exceeding 200 years on economical promoting. The famous webnomics investigation critic claims: "Internet value square equal to covering quantity as with a net bind with that appearance)". Analytical Electronic Commerce and Electronic Commerce develop the main body of a book mainly applying a prospect, on having dealt with China and the international among them at present develop condition , be burning being duplicate of logistics effect managing in future enormous prospect and their pair having analysed Electronic Commerce, relate to the logistics job among them every aspect , logistics every school assignment link and every function link, have brought forward self view to Electronic Commerce and the logistics relation and , the prospect has given the appropriate forecast to Electronic Commerce future.。
7.求助
Abstract
With the advent of information age, Network tourism has become the first e-commerce industry throughout the world. And tourism e-commerce in China's gradually enters a mature stage after a period of low ebb.As for travel agency, traditional travel agencies should devolop online travel agencies so that they can adapt to competetion and take advantage in this industy. As for hotel, e-commerce has enlabled achieved the hotel to achieve online product design, e-procurement, online billing and online marketing, it can satisfy the visitors to the largest extend,meanwhile, the hotel itself canget more profits and development.
Key words:tourism e-commerce, application, problem, prospect, summary
8.电子商务论文摘要翻译成英文
With the rapid development of information technology, human beings are entering a web-based information age, Internet-based e-commerce has been carried out by people gradually become a new model of business activities, more and more people through the Internet for business, e-commerce very attractive prospects for development. But how to protect the security of e-commerce transactions and to promote its own development, the establishment of e-commerce credit mechanism, is currently facing a major problem, in addition to theory and legislation to strengthen and improve the credit of building the rule of law, the use of information security and authentication technologies such as encryption of e-commerce security has become the key to solve the problem, we must adopt advanced technology for online security of data, information sender, the identity of the recipient to confirm that all parties to ensure the safety of information transmission, complete , reliability and non-repudiation of transactions. Network can be accessed through a lot of information transmission through the network can also be a wealth of information, how to confirm the correctness of this information? Particularly in relation to the issue of e-commerce, how to prevent side to deny the transaction to avoid their own losses, how to avoid people to sign documents and forgery of documents and so on. For these problems, how to resolve this issue digital signature technology research is to solve this problem.。
9.求电子商务方面的英文文献或论文,翻译成汉字大约3000字
Ecommerce Security IssuesCustomer Security: Basic PrinciplesMost ecommerce merchants leave the mechanics to their hosting company or IT staff, but it helps to understand the basic principles. Any system has to meet four requirements: privacy: information must be kept from unauthorized parties.integrity: message must not be altered or tampered with.authentication: sender and recipient must prove their identities to each other.non-repudiation: proof is needed that the message was indeed received.Privacy is handled by encryption. In PKI (public key infrastructure) a message is encrypted by a public key, and decrypted by a private key. The public key is widely distributed, but only the recipient has the private key. For authentication (proving the identity of the sender, since only the sender has the particular key) the encrypted message is encrypted again, but this time with a private key. Such procedures form the basis of RSA (used by banks and governments) and PGP (Pretty Good Privacy, used to encrypt emails).Unfortunately, PKI is not an efficient way of sending large amounts of information, and is often used only as a first step — to allow two parties to agree upon a key for symmetric secret key encryption. Here sender and recipient use keys that are generated for the particular message by a third body: a key distribution center. The keys are not identical, but each is shared with the key distribution center, which allows the message to be read. Then the symmetric keys are encrypted in the RSA manner, and rules set under various protocols. Naturally, the private keys have to be kept secret, and most security lapses indeed arise here.:Digital Signatures and CertificatesDigital signatures meet the need for authentication and integrity. To vastly simplify matters (as throughout this page), a plain text message is run through a hash function and so given a value: the message digest. This digest, the hash function and the plain text encrypted with the recipient's public key is sent to the recipient. The recipient decodes the message with their private key, and runs the message through the supplied hash function to that the message digest value remains unchanged (message has not been tampered with). Very often, the message is also timestamped by a third party agency, which provides non-repudiation.What about authentication? How does a customer know that the website receiving sensitive information is not set up by some other party posing as the e-merchant? They check the digital certificate. This is a digital document issued by the CA (certification authority: Verisign, Thawte, etc.) that uniquely identifies the merchant. Digital certificates are sold for emails, e-merchants and web-servers.:Secure Socket LayersInformation sent over the Internet commonly uses the set of rules called TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol). The information is broken into packets, numbered sequentially, and an error control attached. Individual packets are sent by different routes. TCP/IP reassembles them in order and resubmits any packet showing errors. SSL uses PKI and digital certificates to ensure privacy and authentication. The procedure is something like this: the client sends a message to the server, which replies with a digital certificate. Using PKI, server and client negotiate to create session keys, which are symmetrical secret keys specially created for that particular transmission. Once the session keys are agreed, communication continues with these session keys and the digital certificates.:PCI, SET, Firewalls and KerberosCredit card details can be safely sent with SSL, but once stored on the server they are vulnerable to outsiders hacking into the server and accompanying network. A PCI (peripheral component interconnect: hardware) card is often added for protection, therefore, or another approach altogether is adopted: SET (Secure Electronic Transaction). Developed by Visa and Mastercard, SET uses PKI for privacy, and digital certificates to authenticate the three parties: merchant, customer and bank. More importantly, sensitive information is not seen by the merchant, and is not kept on the merchant's server.Firewalls (software or hardware) protect a server, a network and an individual PC from attack by viruses and hackers. Equally important is protection from malice or carelessness within the system, and many companies use the Kerberos protocol, which uses symmetric secret key cryptography to restrict access to authorized employees.TransactionsSensitive information has to be protected through at least three transactions:credit card details supplied 。
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