众文网1.求一篇有关国际经济与贸易的英语文章
Today, the foreign trade of the country or region's economic development is playing an increasingly important role. one country to achieve rapid economic development of economy must learn to use both international and domestic market. foreign trade, by removing the rewards of resources optimization disposition. the trade of the analysis is usually divided into of analysis and the structural analysis, the total amount is to analyze questions from the angle, and the structural analysis from the perspective of the importance of examining trade act.And structure of foreign trade is a national or regional economic development and industrial structure and commodities in international competition, in the international division of labour and international trade in a comprehensive response and commodity structure and regional structure is an important part of the structure of foreign trade. china's accession to wto in 2001, foreign trade has increased rapidly to become the united states, the two countries of the world's third largest trader, but with the rapid development of our foreign trade.The structural problems more and more manifest, for example, the commodity structure is irrational and exports remained low added value of products. moreover, our foreign trade in merchandise trade is far greater than service trade, so the study of our foreign trade structure is a study of our product import and export commodity structure, optimize. the article from our foreign trade structure of goods and regional structure has to start.Analysed our import and export trade, and finally made to realize the import and export of strategic goals. the article falls into five chapters, the first three chapters to focus on the development of our foreign trade and the structure of foreign trade in goods and regional structure, the fourth chapter, the introduction of our foreign trade, most of the current structure of foreign trade import and export trade and development in order to achieve the strategic objective measures and export of the regrouping. 当今社会，对外贸易在国家或者地区的经济发展中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
一国要获得经济快速的经济发展，必须学会利用国际国内两个市场。通过对外贸易，进行物产的互通有无，从而实现资源的优化配置。
对贸易行为的分析通常分为总量分析和结构分析，总量分析是从量的角度分析问题，而结构分析更注重从质的角度考察贸易行为。而对外贸易结构是一国或地区经济技术发展水平、产业结构状况、商品国际竞争能力、在国际分工和国际贸易中的地位等的综合反映，而商品结构和区域结构是对外贸易结构的重要组成部分。
中国从2001年加入WTO以来，对外贸易快速增长，以成为即美、日两国以后的世界第三大贸易国，但是随着我国对外贸易的快速发展，在结构上的问题越来越多的显现出来，例如商品结构的不合理，出口产品仍然是低附加值产品。而且，我国的对外贸易中商品贸易额远远大于服务贸易额，因此研究我国的对外贸易结构主要是研究我国的商品进出口贸易，达到商品结构的优化。
本文将从我国对外贸易结构中的商品结构和区域结构入手，来分析我国的进出口贸易，最后提出为了实现进出口贸易战略目标的措施。全文分为五章，前三章主要讲我国对外贸易的发展现状和对外贸易结构中的商品结构和区域结构的分析，第四章讲，我国在引入外资时对我国进出口贸易的影响，最针对当前的对外贸易结构，提出进出口贸易发展中为了实现战略目标的措施和出口商品的优化措施。
2.关于国际贸易的英语论文 急
Protectionism Doesn't Pay The global financial crisis is no doubt a catalyst for trade protectionism. As the world economy deteriorates, some countries try to boost growth prospects by erecting trade barriers. China calls on these governments not to replay history and revert to protectionism and economic isolationism.Previous global economic crises were usually accompanied by frequent trade disputes. The United States' erection of large-scale tariffs in 1930, for example, triggered a retaliatory global trade war. During the two oil shocks in the 1970s and 1980s, trade frictions emerged when major economies attempted to increase exports by depreciating their currencies. And in the wake of the 1997 Asian financial crisis, there was a notable uptick in antidumping actions, countervailing duties and other protectionist measures.The financial crisis is now spilling over into the real economy, hitting sectors like manufacturing and services. In almost all countries, factories are closing and unemployment is rising, creating political pressure and social problems. More and more governments are strengthening intervention in their economies under the excuse of 'economic security' and protecting vulnerable domestic industries to curb imports from other countries, especially those in emerging markets.Trade protectionism differs from legally acceptable measures to protect trade. It is an abuse of remedies provided by multilateral trade rules. This kind of protectionism is morphing into more complex and disguised forms, ranging from conventional tariff and nontariff barriers to technical barriers to trade, industry standards and industry protectionism.With the economic crisis worsening, caution must be taken even in employing trade protection measures consistent with World Trade Organization rules. At the Group of 20 Financial Summit in November 2008, world leaders called for countries to resist trade protectionism and committed themselves to refraining from erecting new barriers to trade and investment, a message strongly echoed by the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit at the end of last year, and the World Economic Forum held in Davos last month.History tells us that trade protection measures hurt not only other countries, but eventually the country that erected that trade barrier in the first place.To counter the Great Depression, the U.S. adopted the Smoot-Hawley Act in 1930, which raised import duties of over 20,000 foreign products significantly and provoked protectionist retaliation from other countries. Faced with that crisis, other countries pursued beggar-thy-neighbor policies that slashed global trade volumes from $36 billion in 1929 to $12 billion in 1932. Among the victims, not the least was the U.S. itself, where exports shrank from $5.2 billion in 1929 to $1.2 billion in 1932. Even in the U.S., the Smoot-Hawley Act was widely believed to be a catalyst that aggravated the effects of Great Depression.Global trade is now in dire straits. Thanks to shrinking external demand caused by the economic crisis, major trading countries have seen their export growth tumble or have suffered huge contractions. Germany's exports dropped 10.6% in November 2008, compared to the same period the prior year -- the highest one-month drop since 1990. China also experienced negative export growth in November, and a 17.5% decline last month, when compared to the prior year. Protectionist policies would make things even worse and the consequences would be hard to predict.In the heat of the crisis, it's critical that all countries refrain from pointing fingers at each other or pursuing their own interests at the expense of others. The financial crisis reflects a chronic illness resulting from global economic structural imbalance and financial risk accumulation, and there is no quick fix to this malady. The fundamental interest of every country is to step up consultation and cooperation and keep international trade smoothly flowing. Healthy international trade can help revive the world economy. During the Great Depression, the U.S. recovered from its economic woes because the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration implemented the New Deal and shunned protectionism.Today's unprecedented financial crisis has inflicted a severe impact on China and other countries as well. China's economic growth has slowed, exports have plunged and unemployment pressure has mounted. Yet even so, China still firmly believes that trade protectionism isn't a solution to the world's problems. In 2008, amid a contraction in global trade, China imported $1.133 trillion worth of goods from countries around。
3.求一篇有关国际贸易的英文版论文
Investment liberalization and international trade Abstract This paper estimates the cross-price elasticity of exports with respect to investment costs for bilateral relations between 36 countries. We show that the effect of reducing foreign direct investment costs on exports depends on country characteristics and trade costs as predicted by the [Markusen, 1997 and Markusen, 2002] model. When countries differ in relative factor endowments and trade costs are low, investment liberalization stimulates exports, whereas when countries are similar in terms of relative factor endowments and size, and trade costs are moderate to high, investment liberalization reduces exports. Author Keywords: Exports; Foreign direct investment; International trade; Investment costs; Investment liberalization ----------- 是一个PDF，你看看摘要，觉得可以我传你.还有很多，反正就是关于international trade。
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4.急求一篇关于经济的1500字商务英语论文（要英文的）
Humans in the 21st century, the electronic age also makes synchronous communication possible. In international business communication, the speaker can master the language communication, is achieving the desired objectives. Business writing is essential to the communication channels, this way of communication through the process of writing communication of tone problems are analysed thoroughly, so as to improve the business cooperation.A, introductionHumans in the 21st century, economic globalization, international business activities more frequent intercourse, business communication has entered a new stage of development, more and more people show the trend of internationalization, the working environment is more and more diversified. The electronic age also makes synchronous communication, English as possible throughout the world common language in business, one in speech communication plays a compelling communication effect. In international business communication, the speaker can master the language communication, is achieving the desired objectives. In the process of communication, also can use business writing. Business writing is necessary in a communication channel by way of communication, business writing, you can ask others to pass accuracy, business information and good business writing is a kind of business etiquette, can give people leave a good impression.Second, the influence factors of tone1 words and construct sentences. First, sincere words to the communication or business life, sincere cooperation is the most important thing is the most basic, due to our partners to read every day, so the commercial electronic mail file should be concise wording, if use too much words one or two words can mean, obviously makes writing content and vague, drag will waste the time more readers. Regardless of such as in time at were now better, rather than the event is better. If. To use common words, avoid uncommon or spelling words. A word can express, don't use phrases. Use short sentences, because more easy to understand. With less ", "" and", "will", "" these make sentences nowadays become tedious conjunction. In the letter, don't use the same meanings of words. More than Because many use simple little can be more direct simple message and try to persuade the reader, and save time. Example is better than with which now. Avoid using the mean ambiguous words or phrases, the expression that readers will definitely affect misunderstanding, business communication. Therefore, business writing email should be specific, structure clear wording, content clearly. Moreover nowadays women in business, the role of not less than men, more and more women, especially the feminist movement to contain the words very sensitive sex discrimination. Avoid using business email has sex discrimination of communication, this words for both. The chairperson alternative chairman, etc. Finally, people often complain when used in anger or negative words or phrases, the expression of readers, often including criticism or blame, then against business communication. Business letters should adopt positive affirmation of the meaning of the words, avoid using negative expression. Even want to criticize each other, also should not be shown on the wording, should adopt positive tone and indirect or other language, in order to better acceptance. Because business communication purpose is not to blame each other, criticism or not intentionally let them feel guilty, the real purpose is to provide information or other beneficial to take action, to solve the problem.2 the language style. General language styles mainly from natural and whether formal whether such two angles appraisal. Martin Joos according to the degree of formal language use forward five variants: the grave style (half style), The formal style (formal style), The consultative style style (with), Casual style (the casual style), Close the style (intimate style). Business language is a formal language, however, with the increasing trade between business contacts with the trade relations between each other, to strengthen the understanding and communication, due to personal attachment, the trend into the content of electronic business English language style, the liberalization of tend to use language and concise. On one hand, electronic business English should save those polite words, excess leads directly to the consultation, the main theme is to be short and concise, easy reading. On the other hand, electronic data exchange and cable etc, the use of language and 。
5.国际经济与贸易论文
论国际贸易中的主导生产要素 摘要：生产要素理论经历了从古典经济学到新古典经济学再到现代经济学的发展过程，但其没有阐明生产要素的主次和优劣，基于此，本文提出主导生产要素概念，并对世界主导生产要素的历史演进进行了考察，农业社会的主导生产要素是土地和劳动，工业社会的主导生产要素是资本，后工业社会的主导生产要素是技术、管理和知识。
关键词：国际贸易 主导生产要素 农业社会 工业社会 后工业社会 一、生产要素理论的发展 自从有了经济学以后，对生产要素问题的研究不乏其人。各派经济学者对生产要素的用语不一，且概念的表述各种各样，但它是探讨经济学和贸易理论的前提[1]。
古典经济学大多没有清晰的生产要素的概念，甚至于没有明确的生产要素用语。威廉·配第认为“所有物品都是由两种自然单位—即土地和劳动—来评定价值，换句话说，我们应该说一艘船或一件上衣值若干面积的土地和若干数量的劳动。
理由是，船和上衣都是土地和投在土地上的人类劳动所创造的。 ”[2]“土地是财富之母，而劳动则为财富之父和能动要素”[3]。
其后，法国经济学家理查德·坎蒂隆提出“土地是所有财富由以产生的源泉或质料。人的劳动是它的形式” [4]。
据此可以推断，配第和坎蒂隆虽然没有明确提出生产要素的概念，但两人都认为生产要素包括土地和劳动，这就是所谓的生产要素二元论。 法国经济学家萨伊将生产要素理论推进了一步，明确使用了生产要素用语，提出了生产要素三元论，认为“产品是由人类所能掌握的生产手段创造出来的，即由人的劳动、资本和自然力创造出来。”
[5]效用是通过生产要素的协同活动和协力作用生产出来的。无论何时何地生产都不能缺少这三个要素。
西尼尔原则上同意萨伊关于生产要素分类的观点，但与萨伊不同，他用“节欲”取代了资本。约翰·穆勒追随萨伊，把资本主义生产条件归结为生产的三要素，即劳动、资本、自然要素（土地）。
与萨伊不同的是，他认为惟一的生产力是劳动生产力，并实际上把资本生产力归结为特定生产方式下的劳动生产力。 与古典经济学不同的是，新古典经济学有了清晰的生产要素概念，对生产要素的分类也更为准确。
对生产要素理论进行专门研究的当推马歇尔，他用几乎一本书的篇幅专门论述生产要素，认为“生产要素通常分为土地、劳动和资本三类。土地是指大自然为了赐予人类的在陆地、海上、空气、光和热各方面的物质及力量。
劳动是指人类的经济工作，不论是体力方面的还是脑力方面的。资本是指为了生产物质产品以及为了获得通常被算做一部分收入的利益而储备的一切资源。”
[6]在此基础上，马歇尔认为资本大部分是由知识和组织构成的，主张把组织从资本要素中独立出来当作第四生产要素。 由此可，马歇尔作为新古典经济学的集大成者，实际上提出了生产四要素论，进一步发展了生产要素理论，丰富了生产要素理论的内容。
古典和新古典经济学对生产要素理论的分析始终局限于生产要素概念的内涵、分类、性质及其在生产活动中的地位和作用的考察。 现代经济学关于生产要素理论的研究出现了一个大的视角转换，把生产要素与国际分工、国际贸易联系起来，考察了一国要素禀赋状况与一国参与国际分工方式的选择和贸易模式的决定二者之间的关系，开辟了生产要素理论研究的新方向。
1933 年瑞典经济学家奥林出版《地区间贸易和国际贸易》，提出了其国际贸易的要素禀赋理论，认为“每一地区在生产某些产品上具有优势，即该产品含有该地区拥有丰裕而便宜的相当大量的生产要素。 ”[7] 现代国际经济学的教科书把它叫做H-O定理，即一国应当出口该国相对充裕和便宜的要素密集型的商品，进口该国相对稀缺和昂贵的要素密集型的商品。
然而，要素禀赋理论仍然没有脱离比较优势理论的基本框架，只不过将劳动成本比较优势变成了生产要素上的比较优势而已。 正因此，迈克尔·波特在1990年出版《国家竞争优势》一书，提出著名的国家竞争优势理论，在其打造国家竞争优势的钻石体系中，放在第一位的就是生产要素，波特将生产要素分为人力资源、天然资源、知识资源、资本资源和基础设施五类，并将这些要素分成初级生产要素和高级生产要素两大类。
[8]与奥林不同的是，波特关于生产要素与国际贸易、国际竞争的分析已不再是静态的，而是具有动态性质。 二、主导生产要素的涵义 综观生产要素理论的发展过程，关于生产要素的分析尤其是古典和新古典经济学的分析存在两大问题：一是没有阐述生产要素的主次、优劣问题。
二是对生产要素的分析基本都是静态的，实际上生产要素形式是发展变化的且成一个序列。这两个问题正是本文提出国际贸易的主导生产要素概念的基本出发点。
所谓国际贸易中的主导生产要素是指整体经济活动和贸易商品生产中所必须的并在生产要素序列中居于主导地位、对外贸易中具有比较优势的物质或非物质要素。 首先，商品生产中包含的生产要素多种多样，且成一个序列，随着人类社会经济的不断发展，生产要素序列也在不断延长，到目前为止，这个生产要素序列为土地（或自然要素）-劳动-资本-技术―管。
6.国际经济与贸易的毕业论文
首先最好是能针对某个行业、某个地区、甚至是某个企业的经济现象做出调查、分析、论述、研究，然后提出相应的对策即解决方法的题目：
如下：以汽车行业为例
1. 贸易自由化背景下中国汽车产业国际竞争力的分析
产业国际竞争力的度量方法以 及作者提出的衡量产业国际竞争力的指标框架。第四章以中国的汽车产业为例，就贸易自由化背景卜汽 车产业的国际竞争力进行了分析 。
2. 中国服务贸易国际竞争力研究
与住房、旅游、汽车、教育、信息服务等消费热点相 关的服务业特别活跃。① 2.中国服务贸易的开放状况 在加入WTO之前，中国的制造业已经先行开放。制造业在竞争中迅速发 展壮大，使服务业相对短缺。 。
3. 国际贸易与技术进步
随着国际贸易的发展，现代国际贸易理论认为国际贸易不仅包括国际间的商品贸易、技术贸易、其他旅游、通讯等方面的劳务和服务输出，还包括了劳动力和资本的跨国流动。 本文所引用的国际贸易均为广义概念。 （二）国际技术贸易 。
4. 绿色壁垒与国际贸易
日益增多的贸易摩 擦和不断出现的因绿色贸易壁垒导致的贸易冲突对国际贸易的发展和贸易的 格局产生了深远的影响。 在此形势下，国际贸易中的绿色壁垒问题越来越成为世人关注的焦点。因 此，本文将从国际贸易与环境问题入手，从经济学的角度分析绿色 。
5. 环境政策对国际贸易的影响研究
而这些国际环境公约又从各个方面对国际贸易的结构和规模产生着这样那样的影响；其二，在众多的国际贸易条约中，涌现出许多环境条款，从而使国际贸易活动受到更多的非经济因素的影响和约束。 关于环境政策与贸易的关系问题，经济学家们从不同角度 。
6. 日本汽车产业国际竞争力研究
汽车产业由弱到强，在国际汽车产业的市场竞争中占据了一席之地。 1955年，日本发表了《经济自立五年计划》，在资金、税制、外汇等方面扶植各汽车厂家引进底特律大批量自动生产线，进行了大规模的设备投资，加速实现国 。
7. 论国际贸易与环境保护的协调
接下来研究了国际贸易对环境保护的影响以及环境保护对国际贸易的影响，从而得出结论：国际贸易与环境？。
8. 跨国公司内部贸易与国际竞争优势
跨国公司跨国界的内部贸易（以下简称跨国公司内部贸易）已经占到世界贸易的1/3，约80%的技术转让费支付发生在跨国公司内部，跨国公司的内部贸易以其巨大的规模及其特有的方式影响着东道国、投资国，乃至整个世界经济。而跨国公司内部贸易是跨国公司追求国际竞争优势的必然结果。
9. 电子商务对国际贸易的影响及对策
自己逐个主观的阐述清楚
10. 提高汽车工业国际竞争力的策略研究
加入WTO意味着中国经济将真正融入世界经济，成为全球化经济的一部分。作为WTO的一员，中国在享受其权利的同时，也必须履行其承诺和义务。随着我国汽车市场的全面开放，中国汽车工业将直面国际挑战。为此，研究外国大型汽车集团在华的竞争战略，研究如何在过渡期内提高我国。
我希望我只是给你提供参考也希望你自己写因为那才是自己的本事谢谢。
7.英语毕业论文模板
英语专业的论文我就多了，不过你给的分也太多了点，给你发些题目吧，追加就分，给个红旗，同性恋和文化多元性《德伯家的苔丝》悲剧成因探析 浅析广告英语中的修辞西方思潮对当代中国青年的负面影响论美国电影对中国电影业造成冲击的原因 逃避，不如直面 ——浅谈“逃避主义”的根源 英汉广告文化和翻译从尊卑与平权看中西方文化的道德差异分析《傲慢与偏见》中的一个次要人物 做合格的外贸人才——针对英语专业在校生从电影《美丽人生》看完美男人形象 浅谈中学英语听说教学 从《宠儿》透视美国黑人女性的悲剧与成长《哈姆雷特》戏剧中的悲剧因素 英国女王伊丽莎白一世的宗教改革 英国战争对英语习语的影响 个体语言与语境 开发草地生态旅游促进西部经济发展 海丝特与卡米拉爱情观的对比分析 愉快教学法在初中英语教学中的研究中学英语教学中的肢体语言的应用 解读《简。
爱》的帝国主义意识 浅析美国早期移民文化 中国和西方的酒文化 中英死亡委婉语对比分析苔丝的反叛精神 浅谈交际法在中学英语教学中的应用 关于攀枝花市公示语汉英翻译的调查与分析 消除不良商标翻译的策略 大学英语教学中的弊端及对策 论美国“西进运动”的双刃性 七曲山大酒店的管理弊端及其对策 从《鲁滨逊漂流记》看人的性格对命运的决定作用 企业文化对企业发展的作用 论中西方文学作品对正面人物的刻画 一位坚强独立的女性——简·爱 试论格萨拉生态旅游区的现状及发展前景妇女——当代美国社会不可小觑的力量 浅谈格萨拉景区旅游开发前景 像鲁滨逊一样在逆境中创造精彩 初中英语课堂互动教学的探索 论旅游英语的特征 中学生个体差异与英语素质教育商标语的翻译 初中学生个体差异与英语教学 论《美国悲剧》中萝贝塔的悲剧性 从现代汉语中的外来词看中国文化对西方文化的吸收与 论《白象似的群山》中海明威独特的写作风格 攀枝花民族中学英语教学特性分析及对策 从福娃“改名”谈文化词的翻译策略 美国英语与英国英语在词汇上的差异 非语言交际在中学英语教学中的有效应用 从《哈利·波特》看儿童的成长 浅析苔丝之死 《老人与海》象征主义探究 “师道尊严”对当代中国英语教学的负面影响 日常生活中提高英语口语方法探析 攀枝花生态旅游的发展 在国际商务谈判中建立良好第一印象的技巧 从《西风颂》看英国积极浪漫主义的特征 企业文化在企业发展中的作用 习语及习语的汉英翻译盖茨比美国梦的幻灭——透视现实生活中的爱情 文化差异对第二语言学习的影响 浅析爱默生的《论自助》——人生自主的源泉 在中西方文化背景中对龙的不同阐释 论教学交往互动中的对话 冷战后美国外交的文化阐释 网络对当代青少年的影响 欧美人所理解之天堂世界观 基于作品人物浅析菲茨杰拉德 中国80后一代眼中的美国文化和中国文化 解读《皆大欢喜》中的浪漫主义 从《红字》和《荆棘鸟》看宗教禁欲主义下的爱情跨文化交际与中西文化冲突 谈如何理解海明威《一个干净明亮的地方》网络在中学英语教学中的应用 我看简·爱的爱情 中美家庭教育与个人能力培养 试论言语行为理论在广告语中的运用 《老人与海》的悲剧色彩：对完美主义的质疑 英语名的取名艺术 英语名的取名艺术 分析简·爱的美 中西文化中颜色词的象征意义 重拾爱伦·坡的哥特小说——从写作手法剖析 论《红字》中的孤独因素 汉语语言环境对英语学习的影响 小学英语教育中的新方法 中西方婚俗的差异 斯佳丽：“旧”时代的“新”女性 交际法在中学英语课堂的应用 论修辞在英语广告中的应用 中国西部未来人才需要 论福斯塔夫的性格 从《喧哗与骚动》中凯蒂的悲剧看20世纪初女性的社会 从商标及广告翻译看中英文化差异 儿童英语的交互性教学 英文谚语的文化场景在中译文中的缺失与弥合 浅谈大学生英语口语表达能力的提高 美国高等教育的多元化 教师在小学英语教学中的角色和作用分析罗密欧与朱丽叶的爱情悲剧之研究 放松艺术——论失落情绪的消除社会底层的底层——分析美国非裔妇女的社会地位论中西饮食文化差异 文化认同的悲剧 从美国“迷惘的一代”看当今中国年轻人的生活 中美文化视野中对个人主义的认同差异透过《飘》看现代女性对待生活的态度 美国社会的葛朗台现象 多种方法，提高初中英语课堂效益学前幼儿的英语口语教学方法和技巧 论毒品对青少年的危害 从原创广告分析中美文化差异 乐山大佛风景区宗教旅游资源的研究 从迷茫的玛尔特的悲剧看女性存在的社会价值从伊丽莎白一世的婚姻看现代爱情观 美国黑人文化得以幸存的原因解析 激发学生学习英语的兴趣 英国的民族个性——高贵与务实在饮食中的表现 大学双语教学的现状及对策 倾城之恋》与《飘》的女性主义解读 浅析中国慈善事业发展现状 思想的解放 理性的光芒 浅析美国的个人主义与中国的集体主义林奇与狼牙山五 从英汉习语的翻译看中西方文化差异初中英语教学的弊端及对策论家庭教育和学校教育的结合 都市边缘文化中西方同性恋文化浅析 《简·爱》的浪漫主义解读冷战后的美国对外战略 洋快餐对中国饮食文化的影响 中国教育体制下情境教学法的误区 美国俚语中的文化特征美国黑人文化的灵魂—。
8.英语毕业论文范文“how to improve the ability of english reading ”
Some people think that reading is a verysimple matter. You move your eyes along the line, and the author's message appears somehow in your mind. When a person is highly skilled as a reader, it does seem that something like that takes place. However, the actual reading process is quite complicated. Try to think back when you were first learning to read, or observe a young child learning to read. It is a very difficult, complex, sometimes, painful process. Reduced to its simplest elements, we might say that comprehension is a part of the communication process of getting the thoughts that were in the author's mind into the reader's, but how does one reader can get the idea clearly? It depends on the reading ability of the reader's. How can the readers make improvements in reading? There are many skills to improve one's ability of reading comprehension. One of the most important skills in reading is the knowledge of word .The number of the words you know determines the difficulty and complexity of the material you can read and understand. If you have an extremely limited reading vocabulary, you will be able to read only very simple material. Obviously, vocabulary forms a stumbling block for the poor reader. The more words you memorize, the faster you read the article. So, it is necessary to memorize words as much as you can. By the way, it should be realized that approximately half of all written English material is composed of the 300 commonest words. Certain words then have a very high occurrence and are used over and over again. Since the English vocabulary is so vast, you cannot hope to master vocabulary only by learning your lessons in the classroom. Reading of course involves much more than simply knowing the dictionary meaning of individual words. When coping with unknown vocabulary. You have to develop strategies, which will allow you either to discover the meaning of the words or at least to proceed further with the text in spite of not knowing the meanings of some new words. One of the efficient ways is guessing the unknown vocabulary. Guessing the meaning of words is a shortcut in reading. While reading in our own language, we usually have an unconscious habit of making logical inference as to the meaning of words based on the context. You can use the context to get the meaning and to help you develop the comprehension skills. To be a good reader, deducing the meaning of unfamiliar lexical items through contextual lines is necessary. In order to improve reading ability. It's essential to memorize words and master the ways of guessing the meaning of words, besides, when reading, you should catch the phrases as a unit of meaning and view the sentences as a unit of meaning. Sentences are the basic building blocks for writing something that will be read. A sentence, as a larger unit of meaning, is always about something--its subject--and always has a statement about the subject. The form of a sentence may be vary, but the subject and the statement about it are always there. The idea conveyed by a sentence will always come to you as a whole. So being familiar with various sentence patterns and being able to have a good sense of what is conveyed by a sentence, even a very long one with some clauses inside, will be helpful for a more mature and efficient reading. So do the paragraph and passage. But the paragraph and passage are more complex than the sentence. A paragraph has sentences that are connected with each other in some logical ways and a passage is the connection of the paragraphs.。
9.求国际经济与贸易的毕业论文
浅析金融危机中我国国际贸易应对措施摘要：2008年注定是一个不平凡的一年。
一场全球性的金融危机席卷而来，对美国乃至中国都产生了巨大影响。美国30年代的经济危机仍历历再目，由于美国国会突然通过高额关税法案实施贸易保护主义，使国际贸易总额急剧收缩，使30年代的美国经济危机更加严重。
我国应该吸取30年代的教训，采取有效的措施来应对这场危机。关键词：金融危机；国际贸易；措施1国际贸易现状分析随着我国贸易规模的迅速扩大，我国在很多领域与世界各国的竞争日趋激烈，经济全球化已经使得中国与国际市场高度关联，世界贸易组织前总干事鲁杰.罗曾说过“：以要素自由流动为基础的经济全球化趋势不可逆转、正在加速。”
但伴随而来的贸易摩擦也日益严重，以广州为例，截至2008年11月，广州外贸企业遭遇22起外贸摩擦，数量同比增长120%，涉及总金额合计高达1.1亿美元，基本覆盖了钢铁、轻工、机电、化工等主要行业。2008年注定是一个不平凡的一年，美国的次贷危机越演越烈，范围波及到了世界各个角落。
在这场危机中，国际贸易保护主义开始抬头，这将给中国的外贸出口带来严峻挑战。中国出口产品在遭遇越来越多以安全和环保为名的技术壁垒的同时，反补贴、反倾销等新型贸易摩擦呈现频繁的态势。
美国30年代的经济危机教训深刻，由于美国国会突然通过高额关税法案实施贸易保护主义，其他国家也相继仿效，使国际贸易总额急剧收缩，使30年代的美国经济危机更加严重。当前国际贸易摩擦具有数量居高不下，从传统市场扩散到新兴市场，反倾销、保障措施、技术性壁垒等成为国际贸易摩擦新动向等特点，反补贴已成为我国贸易摩擦的新领域和热点。
业内专家指出，随着全球经济危机的袭击，在美国之外，贸易保护主义正在主导政府的决策，国际贸易保护主义进一步抬头，在经济危机时期，推行以邻为壑的贸易保护措施是各国的普遍做法。2009年我国将面临更多贸易摩擦，并可能呈现出一些新特点。
贸易摩擦已经由货物贸易领域扩展到服务贸易、投资、知识产权等多个领域，由企业微观层面向宏观体制层面延伸，特别是在人民币汇率、知识产权等方面，我国面临的压力增大。面对危机我们应进一步的审视中国的国际贸易问题，首先，对外贸易结构还存在诸多问题。
在中国目前的出口结构中，低附加值的产品占据了很大的份额，从而导致利益转移到别的国家，形成国际贸易中的剥削机制。其次，在危机的风浪中，由于各国的贸易市场不同程度出现了萎缩，甚至国内市场也加剧了萎缩，面对复杂的现状，中国应看到本土的广阔市场，不断的开拓国内市场，通过拉动内需来保值增值。
2我国的国际贸易问题措施分析2.1内需与内供并进在应对目前经济危机的情况下，4万亿公共设施的投资计划在2年内实行，面对出口大减，开拓本土的市场以拉动内需，对于我们这样的一个大国，无疑是个好办法，如杭州采取的消费券发放行动，在一定程度上刺激了消费，拉动了内需。内需与内供并进，那就要鼓励企业内供，因为内供必然增加内需，由于私营企业的发展对于中国意义重大，所以鼓励私营企业内供至关重要。
2.2优化对外贸易结构要加强对高能耗、高污染以及资源性产品出口的宏观监测，可以采取取消出口退税，征收出口关税、资源税、污染费等，有效限制这类产品的大量出口。以弥补国内资源、环境的消耗。
在做好资源性产品出口限制的同时，我们还要做好对资源性产品进口的协调和管理。2.3积极应对反倾销面对经济危机，应采取措施遏止反倾销蔓延的态势，必须加大反倾销力度。
首先，调整竞争策略。出口企业应尽快转换“以廉取胜”“、薄利多销”的竞争策略，学会运用商标、包装、公关、广告等多种非价格竞争手段，提高出口商品的科技含量和附加值。
其次，规范自身的贸易行为。企业要加强自律，行业协会与各企业要齐心合力，树立中国产品在国际市场上的良好形象。
三是警惕“倾销引诱”。四是完善、规范会计资料。
五是大力提供法律后援。2.4发挥政府在服务贸易中的作用服务贸易的发展离不开政府的支持。
当前，我国政府可以从以下几个方面加大对服务贸易发展的支持力度：一是在国内加大各级政府对服务贸易企业财政资金的支持力度。二是通过税收政策，鼓励和支持服务贸易发展。
三是加大政策性金融支持力度。引导和鼓励金融机构改进对符合国家宏观经济、产业政策的服务贸易企业的金融服务，在控制风险的前提下，加快开发适应服务贸易企业需要的金融产品。
四是加强知识产权保护。我国作为最大的发展中国家，面对经济危机，已经采取了有效的政策，我们知道，经济危机既是一个挑战，也是我国产业转型的一个契机，当然，这一切离不开政府的大力支持，好的经济政策一定会带动中国企业走出困局。
我们应高度重视当代国际贸易发展的新趋势，培育企业的创新机制和企业的国际竞争能力，保持我国的国际贸易快速和健康的发展。参考文献：[1]吴建功.王涛生.论国际贸易的风险评价[J].求索，2008.(2).[2]丁一凡.大潮流-经济全球化与中国面临的挑战[M].北京：中国发展出版社，1998.[3]宋群.21世纪初。
10.英语毕业论文的范文和格式
Generally speaking, a speech may have the following stylistic characteristics: To begin with, it must be very persuasive. Thus the sentence patterns are very well-organized, with repetitions, parallelism and contrasts frequently used. Secondly, it should be emotional so as to be convincing, because the speaker should face the audience directly and his words should not only be orderly and informative but also be expressive and inspiring. Therefore, the stylistic devices such as similes and metaphors are often involved. Finally, in many cases, written-conversational style is usually used with not very formal diction and not very complicated sentence structure. Bibliography: [1]. Martin Luther King, Jr., I Have a Dream, August 28, 1963 [2]. Wang Shouyuan, Essentials of English Stylistics, Shandong University Press, July, 2000 [3]. Pan Shaozhang, English Rhetoric and Writing, Shanghai Transportation University Press, December, 1998 [4]. Widdowson, H. G. Stylistics and the Teaching of Literature, Longman, 1975 [5]. Leech, G. N. “ 'This bread I break' Language and interpretation”. In D.C. Freeman. (ed.). Linguistics and Literature Style. New York:Holt, Rinhart & Winston. Acknowledgements: It was really a laborious task to accomplish a B.A thesis. Many people gave me support and help in the process of writing the paper. I'd like first to give my grate to my dear teacher, vice professor Mr. Liu Fagong, who generously gave me his kindly help and instructions during the whole process of my paper-writing. Then I'd like to give my many thanks to my classmates who helped me a lot with my information collecting and paper-polishing. Most important of all, I want to give my thanks to my mother university and all the teachers in the English College, who educated and cultivated me to be a qualified teacher in the future. A Brief Introduction to the Author: Su Zhanghai, a student in Class One 1988 Grade, majoring in English Education, and a well-to-be teacher in Shandong Agricultural University, who whole-heartedly gives his best wishes to all the teachers in Qufu Normal University.Article resource :。
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