1.中西方婚礼对比 英文版论文 语言与文化方面的
Chinese wedding is mainly folk and traditional meaning activity content more, relatives and friends in various folk together under the "program", such as DingQin meal, do HuiMen etc various quilt, folk activities; Western wedding is key in church testimony by father, many friends and relatives gather for a party just, a Chinese wedding activities projects, relative or comparative contracted. You can follow the idea to do the corresponding deduce。
2.中西社会习俗比较的毕业论文提纲
中西传统婚俗的差异探微 一、中西传统婚俗中婚姻观的差异 (一)结婚目的的差异 中国传统婚姻的主要目的是繁衍后代,壮大家族,维护并提高家族的声望和地位。
由于结婚意味着要娶进一位不同姓氏的女子,因此,为了不有损家族的声望,男方在选择结婚对象时是非常谨慎的,选择妻子的意义对家庭比对个人更重要。 当代中国,婚姻的目的已经发生了根本变化,不再以维护和提高家族声望、地位为目的了。
现在,男女双方是否相爱已经成为婚姻中最重要,也是最基础的因素。 相比中国比较保守的婚姻观,西方传统婚姻观则更开放、更自由、更浪漫。
对于西方人来说,结婚并不是爱情的坟墓,而是爱情的完美结局。大部分西方人都有“试婚”的经历,即在结婚前同居,以便更真切地了解他/她是否真的适合作终身伴侣。
(二)结婚决定人的差异 中国传统婚姻观认为,结婚不再是个人的事,而是整个家族的事,爱情也不是婚姻的基础。在中国古代,关于婚姻有许多约定俗成的规矩,如“父母之命,媒妁之言”、“明媒正娶”、“门当户对”等等。
也就是说,男女双方首先要经媒人介绍,父母同意之后才能订婚、结婚。除此之外,过去实行的是一夫多妻制,而妻子却没有同等的权利。
中国古代婚姻主要形式为带有包办性质的聘娶婚,从择偶到成婚,由媒人和父母做主,讲究“父母之命,媒妁之言”(曲彦斌,2000)。很多情况下,男女双方在结婚之前是相互不认识的。
这种婚姻模式使得女性在婚姻中没有经济来源,变成了婚姻和丈夫的附属品,形成了男尊女卑的婚姻结构。 而当代中国和西方传统婚姻观则认为爱情是婚姻的基础,年轻人可以自由选择自己的爱人,父母很少干涉。
西方国家的父母对儿女的婚姻甚至都没有决定权。情侣们为了爱而结婚,而不是为了家族的声望和地位。
二、中西传统婚俗中婚礼仪式的差异 (一)婚礼地点的差异 在中国婚礼上,人们将传统的喜庆与热闹,把吉祥和祝福以最热烈的方式送给一对喜结连理的新人。中国婚礼的地点一般都安排在双方家里,这样比较热闹。
西方婚礼仪式没有中国婚礼仪式那样复杂,程序化,而是更加的庄重神圣。因此在古代的西方社会,仪式一般在教堂举行,但也可能安排在家中或者旅馆的舞厅里。
现代的婚礼地点也受到西方文化的影响。现在很多婚礼在教堂举行(除了在教堂,在神社、寺院内也可举办婚礼)。
当然,考虑到随后去参加喜宴方便,在拥有宴会厅的婚礼礼堂或是酒店内举行婚礼的人也很多。在结婚礼堂和酒店内,设有简易的神台和礼拜室,可以适应举行各种各样仪式(李银河,2002)。
(二)迎亲仪式的差异 中国传统婚礼仪式上,新郎在结婚出发前,要与父母兄弟及闺中女友一起吃汤圆(北方有的地方是吃饺子),表示离别,母亲喂女儿汤圆,新娘哭。有的地方把这个叫做哭嫁。
新人离开娘家之前都要上香祭祖,新娘应向父母叩拜道别,并由父亲盖上头纱,而新郎仅鞠躬行礼即可。成亲时新娘离开娘家时,哭得愈厉害愈好,因为“不哭不发”,这就是上文提到的哭嫁。
新娘应由德高望重的女性长辈持竹筛或黑伞护其走至礼车,因为新娘子在结婚当天的地位比谁都大,因此不得与天争大。另外希望像这位女性长辈一样,过着幸福美满的生活。
新娘的衣服忌有口袋,以免带走娘家财运。结婚之日,新娘一般要由娘家的兄弟送嫁,姑姑嫂嫂是不能够相送。
女方家至男方家的途中,同样要一路燃放礼炮以示喜庆。 西方,新人在教堂举行婚礼时,结婚仪式的步骤是固定的、不能更改。
伴随着婚礼进行曲,结婚仪式正式开始。这时,教堂的门打开,成年招待员、少年招待员、少年女宾客、女宾客及首席女宾客相继入场。
宾客们分别坐在教堂走廊的两侧,女宾坐右侧,男宾坐左侧,女宾前面是新郎父母,男宾前面是新娘父母。新娘和她的父亲在花童的引领下步入教堂。
按照习俗,新娘要沿着走道走在她父亲的右侧。当新娘及其父亲到达教堂前部并位于神父右侧时,新娘的父亲把新娘交给新郎,并回答神父的问题:“谁把新娘嫁给了新郎?”便转身就坐。
(三)婚礼仪式的差异 在中国,新郎接新娘由礼车走出时,应由男方一位同样德高望重难得长辈持竹筛顶在新娘头上,并扶新娘进入大厅。进门时,新人绝不可踩门槛,而应横跨过去,新娘进入大厅后,要跨过火盆,并踩碎瓦片。
接着,新人在婚礼大堂向天地、父母及亲朋行叩拜礼;礼节结束后,喜宴开始。为了增加喜庆的气氛,整个婚礼仪式过程都伴随着鞭炮和欢快的乐曲。
然而,在西方,父亲把女儿交给新郎手中以后,便神父开始宣读誓约。接着,新郎新娘交换戒指、亲吻对方,在神父郑重其事地说完“现在我宣布你们二人正式结为夫妻”之后,新郎新娘便回到走廊上。
最后,新人一同退场,整个仪式一般不超过45分钟。 仪式结束,在门德尔松的《婚礼进行曲》的音乐声中,新郎新娘手挽手步出教堂,参加婚礼的人们会纷纷向他们抛撒米粒、玫瑰花瓣和五彩纸屑,向他们祝福。
之所以说传统的西方婚礼仪式比中国的庄重严肃,是因为仪式中的每一步都是不能随意变动的,必须按顺序进行。参加婚礼。
3.求:中西方文化在婚姻上的差异(论文)
Differences Between Chinese Marriage Custom and Western Marriage Custom 中西方婚俗的差异AbstractThere are many procedures in Chinese marriage custom. The book propriety and ceremony, which records earliest wedding ceremony, says that marriage includes six etiquettes, namely, proposing, asking the name, asking for fortune, sending betrothal presents to the girl's family, discussing the date of marriage and meeting the bride. In western marriage, there are four procedures. They are proposal, changing surnames, choosing the day and holding the wedding. As the different religions, cultural origins, marriage concepts and geographies, there are many differences existing in the two kinds of marriage customs. In Chinese marriage custom, the matchmaker functions almost all the time and youths have no right to choose and women are not on an equal footing with men. By contrast, in western marriage custom, the priest functions and the youths have legal right to choose whom they want to marry and men and women are equal. There also exist common things in the two sides. They have been maintained for thousands of years. But in recent years (especially after the founding of modern China), people have tended to discard some of the details and advocate simplified marriage procedures and wedding ceremonies.Key WordsMarriage custom; differences; reasons摘 要中国婚俗有着许多的仪式。
最早记载婚礼习俗的《仪礼》云:“婚有六礼,纳采、问名、纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎。”而在西方国家主要有4个程序,即建议,改姓,选期和举行婚礼。
由于宗教、文化根源、婚姻观念以及地理环境的不同在一定程度上导致了中西方婚俗的不同。在中国婚俗中,媒人起着决定性的作用,而作为婚姻当事人的青年男女却没有选择的自由和权力,而且男女在婚姻中的不平等现象也屡有出现。
在西方,是牧师在婚姻中起作用,并且青年男女有合法的权力去选择自己的夫婿或妻子。当然中西方的婚俗也存在相同的地方。
它们存在了上千年之久。近年来(特别是新中国成立之后),中西结合的婚姻屡有出现。
关键词婚俗;差异;原因IntroductionMarriage is formed in a long historical evolution of the marriage custom in a nation. It is the regularity of the activities that restrains people's awareness of marriage and marriage. Marriage custom's binding does not depend on the law, and it can not rely on science tests neither, but on the force of habit, traditional culture and national psychology. During the development of human history, the institution of marriage and family system has experienced different processes of development. Human have experienced group marriage, the dual system of marriage and individual marriage system (monogamy).As a union of a man and a woman and a family formation stage, marriage includes not only marriage, but also the preparation phase for the marriage and the performance stage after the festivities. It runs through the whole process of life. These customs, as a national symbol and cultural development, plays a very important role in ethnic studies and the history of mankind.China is a country with an ancient civilization and a long history, and many customs. Among so many customs, there is a particular marriage custom. This custom goes through various and long stages of development from ancient simple wedding ceremony to later complex ceremony, from feudal marriage custom to the modern free marriage custom. During these courses, people's ideas are progressing, though we can not say that their ideas are up to the top of mankind's ideas in all over the world at all over the time because there are still backward ideas existing in many places, in many people's mind and they maybe will still exist for a long time. However, they are up to the top of mankind's ideas in a certain stage of the uninterrupted development of ideas.Greek civilization is the base of western culture. Britain plays an important role in western history and western culture, and of course marriage custom.Comparing with each other, they are different in many aspects such as in right aspect and in freedom aspect and there are many reasons that result in these differences such as cultural reason and geographical reason. I. Chinese Marriage CustomLike other folk, marriage custom has the same development and evolving process. In the early days of humanity, the human relationship in a very long period of time still carried the irregular relations like the animal world. There was no marriage at all, if suggest some, the only "arbitrary marriage." In China, marriage has gone through for a long time. As a most grand etiquette, it has always been a high degr。
4.中西方社会习俗差异 求英语论文
Today, I read a famous American writer Spencer. Johnson wrote "Who Moved My Cheese", which is really benefited! "Who Moved My Cheese" is an interesting story about two dwarves and two small mice. The story centers around the “cheese” question, possession, and loss. However, different people have different attitudes of mind. Therefore, it results in very different strategy. We should seize the opportunity to change around or let the cheese in the hands go acid and worse. as far as I am concerned, if you want to reduce the danger of the changes, I advise you moving frequently. Forrest-Gump's mum is correct in this assertion that: “life was like a box of chocolate. You never know what you are gonna take. “With the developments of our country in the recent 30 years, the rhythm of our society has changed faster and faster. Every thing is possible. What we need is to find suitable for our own roads out of an easy life, beyond fare, which relies on looking for a new cheese. Life does not comply with the wishes of an individual to change at any time will come, but actively to change the face of it you will find a better cheese, no matter whether we are aware of the new "cheese" is always present in a place。
5.西方婚礼习俗有关论文
在英美等西方国家,在婚礼仪式上,新娘和新郎有独特的婚礼证词,与中国传统的婚礼习俗和结婚仪式不大一样。 一般是由神父来主持,这些据说是源于北欧的古代婚礼习俗……
面纱起初新娘戴面纱是作为年轻和童贞的象征,信奉天主教的新娘戴面纱代表纯洁。因此,许多新娘在赴教堂举行婚礼的时候都选择戴双层面纱,新娘的父亲将女儿交给新郎以后,由新郎亲手揭开面纱。
钻戒《圣经》上说,在远古时代,男子向女子求婚时的证物就是指环。9世纪时,教皇尼古拉一世颁布法令,规定男方赠送婚戒给女方是正式求婚所不可缺少的步骤。
头饰新娘子在婚礼当天佩戴头饰的习俗由来已久,古时的女子在适婚年龄都会头戴花环,以区别于已婚妇女,象征着童贞。
新娘礼服的颜色代表着传统,也有特定的含义:白色代表纯洁童贞,美国和英国常用的黄色是爱神和富足的象征。
花束鲜花代表激情和奖赏,传达出繁荣富饶和出类拔萃的讯息,有幸接到新娘花束的人将有好运气,也会是下一个喜结良缘的人。
新娘站在新郎的左边这个习俗起源于抢婚盛行的年代,由于担心新娘的家人会在婚礼上将新娘抢回去,新郎必须空出右手来随时应战。
互吻根据习俗,婚礼是以新人的亲吻而宣告结束。这一吻有着深刻的含义:通过接吻,一个人的气息和部分灵魂就留在了另一个人的体内,爱使他们合二为一。
抱着新娘入洞房这一习俗是从一些土著部落的婚俗演变而来的,由于这些部落里的单身女子太少,所以男子们要到邻近的村落去抢亲,将她们扛走,免得她们一沾地就会逃走。今天,人们认为,新娘不能用左脚迈进新房的门,所以最好让新郎将新娘抱进房。
当新婚夫妇乘车出发度蜜月时,汽车的后面会拴上许多易拉罐,它起源于古代扔鞋子的习俗,参加婚礼的宾客们向新人身上扔鞋子,认为如果有鞋子击中了新人乘坐的车子,那么就会带来好运。
汽车鸣笛跟在新人汽车后面的车队一路不停地鸣笛,以驱走恶魔。
都说法国巴黎是“浪漫之都”,法式婚礼也为不少女孩子所向往,那法国的婚礼到底有些什么讲究呢?其实,法式婚礼很简单,同时又不失庄重。
白色是浪漫的法国婚礼的主色调,无论是布置用的鲜花,还是新娘的礼服,乃至所有的布置装饰,都是白色的,可以看出法国人眼中的婚姻应该是纯洁无瑕的。婚礼上,新娘子会准备手工精细、象征健康以及繁荣图案的柜子作嫁妆,所以此柜子又有“希望之匣”的美称。而新人选用的杯子也有特定的名称,名为“婚礼之杯”。
法国人的婚礼既传统又随意。一般婚礼由市长或他的一名副手主持,习惯上是在周二、四、五、六日,从早上9时至下午5时之间。一般的法国人都喜欢选择在周末结婚。这样便于更多的亲友们前来观礼。
美国人来源于世界各地,婚礼形式也就迥然各异。有热闹非凡的教堂婚礼;有根本没有宗教仪式的世俗婚礼;还有宾客在山顶上光着脚举行的婚礼。但不管形式多么怪异,仍然包含着一些传统的习俗。
例如,新郎与新娘要交换戒指。戒指经常戴在左手的无名指上。婚礼仪式举行后,常常由家中的亲友往新郎新娘身上洒落一把把生米,以此祝愿他们多子多孙。
在婚礼仪式后,经常会举行盛大的婚宴,这个婚宴也叫做招待酒会。食物的种类是以新郎新娘的文化传统以及新娘家的喜爱和经济状况来决定。一般都会在角落里放一个有许多层色彩缤纷的大蛋糕,新娘与新郎一起握着刀来切蛋糕。吃过蛋糕以后,新娘站在房间中央的一把椅子上,把花束抛给那些未婚姑娘。
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