毕业论文外文翻译php

1.求一篇php方面的英文论文,最好带中文翻译的

The DEVELOPMENT of PHP PHP began life as a way to manage a small personal website and was imagined and realized by just one man, Ramsus Lerdorf. Originally dubbed Personal Home Page Tools, PHP quickly evolved over the years from the basic scripting engine for a personal website into a highly competitive, extremely robust code engine that is deployed on millions of websites across the globe. PHP's fast, effective engine; its widespread, open-source developer base; and its platform flexibility have all come together to create one of the world's most effective online scripting languages.Throughout the years PHP has continued to improve on its foundations, providing increased functionality and scalability. Because of PHP's standard of listening to the community, fresh functionality is consistently added to every new release, allowing for more versatile code and upgrades to its already substantial library of built-in methods. For years, people have been using the PHP 4 series of code to create robust and powerful applications.There is always room for improvement, however. Although PHP 4 is considered to be an object-oriented programming (OOP) language, the class functionality found within it was not entirely as flexible as some developers wanted it to be. Older OOP languages that have had more time to grow have some strong functionality that PHP simply was not able to roll out in its PHP 4 releases.But that was then, and this is now. A very exciting occasion occurred for PHP developers everywhere on July 13, 2004: PHP released its long-anticipated version 5. Sporting a new object model powered by the already superb Zend II engine, PHP was ready to bring OOP to a new level with this release.On top of new, more powerful class structures and functionality, PHP 5 has introduced many exciting features, some of which the community has been clamoring about for ages.Say “hello (world)” to proper exception handling; new, simple-to-implement XML support;more verbose Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) functionality for web services; and much,much more.As the Internet continues to evolve, so too does the necessity for a language that addresses the functionality needs of the Internet's web viewers. Over time, some programming languages have come and gone, and others have continued to evolve. Several languages have moved into the lead in the race for supremacy. Although languages such as ColdFusion,ASP.NET, and CGI certainly have their advantages, PHP seems to be the developer's choice for a versatile, open-source solution.PHP最初只是为了管理一个小小的个人网站,而且它的构想和实现都是由一个人完成的,他就是Ramsus Lerdorf。

PHP最初称为俱主页工具(Personal Home Page Tools),但经过多年的发展,它很快从最早面向个人网站的基本脚本引擎演变成为一个有很强竞争力、相当健壮的编码引擎,目前全世界已经有数百万的网站部署了这个引擎。PHP有很多优点,它是一个快速、有效的引擎,拥有广泛的开源开发人员群体,而且具有平台灵活性,所有这些使得PHP成为世界上最有效的在线脚本语言之一。

多年来,PHP在其原有基本之上还在继续发展,不断提供更丰富的功能和更大的伸缩性。由于PHP的宗旨是以开发群体为本,所以每一个新版本中都会增加全新的功能,从而支持开发功能更强大的代码,并对原本就已经很丰富的内置方法库不断升级。

人们早在多年前就已经开始使用PHP4系列的代码创建健壮而强大的应用程序。不过,总是还有改进的余地。

尽管PHP4被认为是一种面向对象的程序设计语言,但它提供的类功能还不是太灵活,尚未达到一些开发人员的期望。相比之下,较早的OOP语言发展时间比较长,因此具备一些强大的功能,而这些功能对于PHP4版本来说还力不能及。

但那是很早以前的事情了,如今情况已经大不相同了,对于世界各地的PHP开发人员来说。2004年7月13日是一个让人激动的日子:PHP发布了人们翘首以待的PHP5.通过提出一个新的对象模型,再加上高级ZendII引擎更使之如虎添翼,PHP蓄势待发,要通过这个版本将OOP推向一个全新的高度。

在更新、更强大的类结构和功能基本上,PHP5引入了许多令人兴奋的特性,其中一些是开发人员渴望已久的。比如,适当的异常处理;全新的、易于实现的XML支持;面对WEB服务的更全面的对象访问协议(Simple Object Protocol,SOAP)功能等,当然还远不止这些。

随着互联网的不断发展,必须有一种语言来解决互联网的网站中观众需求的必要性。随着时间的推移,已经出现了一些编程语言,和其他语言继续发展。

几种语言都已经进入了在一场激烈的竞争导致。虽然例如ColdFusion,ASP.NET语言,和CGI,固然有其优势,但PHP的似乎是一个多功能,开放源码的解决方案开发人员的选。

2.请问本科生毕业论文的外文翻译去哪里找

香港科技大学图书馆Dspace > Example <body> <?php echo "Hi, I'm a PHP script!"; ?> Notice how this is different from a script written in other languages like Perl or C -- instead of writing a program with lots of commands to output HTML, you write an HTML script with some embedded code to do something (in this case, output some text). The PHP code is enclosed in special start and end tags that allow you to jump into and out of "PHP mode". What distinguishes PHP from something like client-side JavaScript is that the code is executed on the server. If you were to have a script similar to the above on your server, the client would receive the results of running that script, with no way of determining what the underlying code may be. You can even configure your web server to process all your HTML files with PHP, and then there's really no way that users can tell what you have up your sleeve. The best things in using PHP are that it is extremely simple for a newcomer, but offers many advanced features for a professional programmer. Don't be afraid reading the long list of PHP's features. You can jump in, in a short time, and start writing simple scripts in a few hours. PHP is a reflective programming language originally designed for producing dynamic web pages. PHP is used mainly in server-side scripting, but can be used from a command line interface or in standalone graphical applications. Textual User Interfaces can also be created using ncurses.The main implementation is produced by The PHP Group and released under the PHP License. It is considered to be free software by the Free Software Foundation. This implementation serves to define a de facto standard for PHP, as there is no formal specification. History PHP was written as a set of CGI binaries in the C programming language by the Danish/Greenlandic programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994, to replace a small set of Perl scripts he had been using to maintain his personal homepage. Lerdorf initially created PHP to display his réé and to collect certain data, such as how much traffic his page was receiving. Personal Home Page Tools was publicly released on 8 June 1995 after Lerdorf combined it with his own Form Interpreter to create PHP/FI (this release is considered PHP version 2).Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans, two Israeli developers at the Technion IIT, rewrote the parser in 1997 and formed the base of PHP 3, changing the language's name to the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor. The development team officially released PHP/FI 2 in November 1997 after months of beta testing. Public testing of PHP 3 began and the official launch came in June 1998. Suraski and Gutmans then started a new rewrite of PHP's core, producing the Zend Engine in 1999.They also founded Zend Technologies in Ramat Gan, Israel, which actively manages the development of PHP.In May 2000, PHP 4, powered by the Zend Engine 1.0, was released. The most recent update released by The PHP Group, is for the older PHP version 4 code branch which, as of May 2007, is up to version 4.4.7. PHP 4 is currently still supported by security updates for those applications that require it.On July 13, 2004, PHP 5 was released powered by the new Zend Engine II. PHP 5 included new features such as:Support for object-oriented programming The PHP Data Objects extension, which defines a lightweight and consistent interface for accessing databases Performance enhancements Better support for MySQL Embedded support for SQLite Integrated SOAP support Data iterators Error handling via exceptions The latest stable version, PHP 5.2.3, was released on June 1, 2007.Usage PHP generally runs on a web server, taking PHP code as its input and creating Web pages as output, however it can also be used for command-line scripting and client-side GUI applications. PHP can be deployed on most web servers and on almost every operating system and platform free of charge. The PHP Group also provides the complete source code for users to build, customize and extend for their own use.Server-side scripting Originally designed to create dynamic web pages, PHP's principal focus is server-side scripting. While 。

5.请问本科生毕业论文的外文翻译去哪里找

先到百度文库,找一篇此类文档中文的,然后用有道翻译,或是谷歌在线翻译翻成英

文,然后把英文放上面,中文放下面。希望可以帮到你。如果要找标准的PDF格式外文文

献,可以在谷歌,用英文文献名+空格+PDF 这样比较容易找到。

第一是Google搜索,主要是英文,尤其是其学术搜索,意义大。

第二,通过各大学图书馆系统,进入几个主流的出版发行集团。

第三,利用网络免费储存、电子书系统。尤其是国外多。

1、论文题目:要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。

2、目录:目录是论文中主要段落的简表。(短篇论文不必列目录)

3、提要:是文章主要内容的摘录,要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字,多不超过三百字为宜。

4、关键词或主题词:关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的,是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语,便于信息系统汇集,以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词,另起一行,排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词,在确定主题词时,要对论文进行主题,依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。

5、论文正文: (1)引言:引言又称前言、序言和导言,用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图,说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。 〈2)论文正文:正文是论文的主体,正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容: a.提出-论点; b.分析问题-论据和论证; c.解决问题-论证与步骤; d.结论。

6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料,列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页,标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。 中文:标题--作者--出版物信息(版地、版者、版期):作者--标题--出版物信息 所列参考文献的要求是: (1)所列参考文献应是正式出版物,以便读者考证。 (2)所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

一,选题要新颖。

这次我的论文的成功,和高分,得到导师的赞许,都是因为我论文的选题新颖所给我带来的好处。最好涉及护理新领域,以及新进展,这样会给人耳目一新的感觉。

二,大量文献做基础

仔细查阅和你论文题目和研究范围相关的文献,大量的文献查阅会你的论文写作铺垫,借鉴别人的思路,和好的语言。而且在写作过程不会觉得语言平乏,当然也要自己一定的语言功底做基矗

三,一气呵成

做好充分的准备,不要每天写一些,每天改一些,这样会打断自己的思路,影响文章的连贯。

四,尽量采用多的专业术语

可能口语化的表达会给人带来亲切感,但论文是比较专业的形式,是有可能做为文献来查阅和检索的,所以论文语言的专业化,术语化会提升自己论文的水平。

五,用正规格式书写

参考正规的论文文献,论文格式。不要因为格式问题,而影响到你论文的质量。

六,最好在计算机上完成写作过程

如果有条件最好利用电脑来完成写作过程,好处以下几点:1,节省时间,无论打字的速度慢到什么程度,肯定要比手写的快。2,方便,大量的文献放在手边,一个一个查阅是很不方便的,文献都是用数据库编辑,所以都是在电脑上完成。提前先在电脑上摘要出重点,写出提纲,随时翻阅,方便写作。3,修改编辑,在电脑随时对文章进行修改编辑都是非常的方便。4,随时存档,写一段,存一段,防止突然停电,或者电脑当机。本人就是吃了这个大亏,一个晚上的劳动,差点就全没了,幸亏男友是电脑高手,帮我找回。否则就恨着电脑,哭死算了。

七,成稿打印好交给导师

无论你的字写的多么优美,还是按照惯例来,打印出的文字显的正规,而且交流不存在任何的问题,不会让导师因为看不懂你的龙飞凤舞,而低估你的论文。而且干净整洁,女孩子不仅注意自己的形象问题,书面的东西也反映你的修养和气质。

八,听取导师意见,仔细修改

导师会给你一些关于你论文建设性的意见,仔细参考,认真修改。毕竟导师是发表过多篇论文,有颇多的经验。

6.毕业论文—外文翻译

Online banking (or Internet banking) allows customers to conduct financial transactions on a secure website operated by their retail or virtual bank, credit union or building society. Features Online banking solutions have many features and capabilities in common, but traditionally also have some that are application specific. The common features fall broadly into several categories Transactional (e.g., performing a financial transaction such as an account to account transfer, paying a bill, wire transfer。

and applications。 apply for a loan, new account, etc.) Electronic bill presentment and payment - EBPP Funds transfer between a customer's own checking and savings accounts, or to another customer's account Investment purchase or sale Loan applications and transactions, such as repayments Non-transactional (e.g., online statements, check links, cobrowsing, chat) Bank statements Financial Institution Administration - features allowing the financial institution to manage the online experience of their end users ASP/Hosting Administration - features allowing the hosting company to administer the solution across financial institutions Features commonly unique to business banking include Support of multiple users having varying levels of authority Transaction approval process Wire transfer Features commonly unique to Internet banking include Personal financial management support, such as importing data into a personal finance program such as Quicken, Microsoft Money or TurboTax. Some online banking platforms support account aggregation to allow the customers to monitor all of their accounts in one place whether they are with their main bank or with other institutions。

[edit] History The precursor for the modern home online banking services were the distance banking services over electronic media from the early '80s (the term online became popular in the late '80s). These services used the videotex system. In the US the first bank to offer these services did so in 1981 and by 1985 at least 37 banks offered videotex banking services. Because of the commercial failure of videotex these banking services never became popular except in France where the use of videotex (Minitel) was subsidised by the telecom provider. Security Protection through single password authentication, as is the case in most secure Internet shopping sites, is not considered secure enough for personal online banking applications in some countries. Basically there exist two different security methods for online banking. The PIN/TAN system where the PIN represents a password, used for the login and TANs representing one-time passwords to authenticate transactions. TANs can be distributed in different ways, the most popular one is to send a list of TANs to the online banking user by postal letter. The most secure way of using TANs is to generate them by need using a security token. These token generated TANs depend on the time and a unique secret, stored in the security token (this is called two-factor authentication or 2FA). Usually online banking with PIN/TAN is done via a web browser using SSL secured connections, so that there is no additional encryption needed. Signature based online banking where all transactions are signed and encrypted digitally. The Keys for the signature generation and encryption can be stored on smartcards or any memory medium, depending on the concrete implementation. Attacks Most of the attacks on online banking used today are based on deceiving the user to steal login data and valid TANs. Two well known examples for those attacks are phishing and pharming. Cross-site scripting and keylogger/Trojan horses can also be used to steal login information. A method to attack signature based online banking methods is to manipulate the used software in a way, that correct transactions are shown on the screen and faked transactions are signed in the background. Countermeasures There exist several countermeasures which try to avoid attacks. Digital certificates are used against phishing and pharming, the use of class-3 card readers is a measure to avoid manipulation of transactions by the software in signature based online banking variants. To protect their systems against Trojan horses, users should use virus scanners and be careful with downloaded software or e-mail attachments. In 2001 the FFIEC issued guidance for multifactor authentication (MFA) and then required to be in place by the end of 2006. -------------------- 网路银行 (或称 线上银行、电子银行) 常用转帐或付费功能上的银行服务。透过银行的网路安全机制,让客户可。

毕业论文外文翻译php

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