众文网1.毕业论文翻译摘要及题目
The excessive packing of hazard and the solution
The national advocate a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society, the energy conservation environmental protection, green consumption. The global environment deteriorating, make people realize the harmonious development between man and society environment of importance. But now in China commodity packaging is not obvious green behavior, and even presents an订紶斥咳俪纠筹穴船膜other kind of style, the excessive packing, extravagance and waste such phenomena as the proliferation and distorted the original packaging. Excessive packing goods with circular economy development in China, building economical society, not only wastes from resource and energy and environmental pollution, but also violated the interests of consumers, increase the economic burden of consumers, the development of the whole society. In order to effectively curb excessive commodity packaging, must establish long-term mechanism, improve curb excessive commodity packaging system of laws, this article mainly from the excessive packing of hazard, causes, and the solution of these aspects. Advocate reasonable consumption, moderate consumption concept of consumption and consumer behavior.
软件翻译
2.翻译一篇土木工程的论文摘要
On the Building Construction Problems and Suggestions
Abstract
With the accelerated process of urbanization, China has become the world's largest national housing construction, thereby increasing the quality of construction is particularly important. To improve construction quality, we must first do a good job engineering survey and design, followed by the owner, design, construction, supervision and other parties of the collaboration is a prerequisite for quality assurance. Furthermore, we need standardized supervision and strengthen the quality of the construction supervision team and do a visa process sub-projects a good job in technological innovation. For the benefit of future generations, prevent and reduce accidents, to protect people's lives and property safety, so that society as a whole focus on quality. Engineering Quality in Construction problem is the core issue is to determine the key to the success of project construction. With economic development, engineering, construction tasks, increasing the quality engineering continue to emerge at the same time, there's shabby work to make the country suffer great losses to people's lives and posed a serious threat aroused widespread concern.
Keywords: construction, construction management, engineering, quality, supervision
我是按照楼主的格式翻译的，你看看满意否。
3.帮忙翻译建筑专业的一篇论文,中译英
接上面回答Four, the type and structure of the template can sometimes change of concrete casting process The traditional template pattern is adopted, the braced panel, concrete block structure mode of 3 faithfully with practice, flat surface, the hair clean cut the warehouse construction preparation work placement, unable to mechanization assignments. Cantilever formwork greatly overcome the shortcomings of the traditional template pattern in the mechanical construction, and reduce the cost of labor presents great advantage. Italian built delle alpi - hot pull dam, using a not dismantle the template (steel), because this template baffle formed surface, so greatly reduced pressure of dam concrete masonry, cancelled pouring between blocks of seepage control, using stratified joint construction of concrete, cancel done.the mining in concrete, (after shop with special sewing machine work cut out. The Soviet union's ShuShen -- SaYang in hydropower construction frame, with "anchor" double hang templates, this template supporting columns not stretch out upward, downward, but the template supporting columns support upper panel, the template of concrete gravity and template by lower lateral pressure, so each template construction warehouse at least two layers of template, this template simply dismantle the template of the retaining bolt. Thus, reduced the time intervals between layers of casting speed, pouring the concrete surface also reduce the cleanup work and prepare workload. Sliding formwork for concrete casting speed is more show advantages and potential vitality, this type of template except in time shorten time efficiency () template itself, also can reduce the price, and can largely increase concrete pouring effect. Anyhow, different types of template determines the concrete pouring process and different construction of concrete quality and benefits have different effects, and how to improve the template technology is an important subject. Five, the GSM of hydropower construction project template engineering with traditional template pattern still, despite the hydropower construction in some new technology (trial), but some problems still worth discussing. 1, the construction units have initiative in GSM concrete use steel formwork, but in actual construction, there are many parts, such as block dam are only made wall factory etc, it not only use small steel waste a great deal of wood and greatly reduce the efficiency. Successful project is summarized block steel, raise efficiency (2-4 times, including installation work, welding, cut hair, the comprehensive recruitment procedure), and reach the standard pay (steel) only to block the turnover. Therefore, reasonable to replace block steel is to improve the economic benefit of good method. 2 in the template management (GSM, have many shortcomings. The main performance of the turnover in the template used in accordance with the provisions, the turnover, steel templates for 50 times, large wooden template for 15 times, general wood formwork for seven times, and our actual turnover far less than the requirements in general, for example, I use block for 4 times, turnover this greatly increases the construction cost and the measures to solve this problem, in addition to improving the quality of the workers, the business level, we need to further improve the level of management. In march, the introduction of new template technology using GSM, on the slippery rise template construction is outstanding, have a successful have mistakes in yunfeng dam project, use the repair is relatively successful sliding in peace, and clear water bay pier sliding mode is used, eliminate objective is to talk, the slippery rise template one-time investment, it is suitable for high concrete casting, the height of low efficiency in the concrete casting are not significant or no benefit, therefore, the use of new technologies should be considered in the applicable scope, and economic benefit is suitable link. 4 and template engineering in recent years has formed a special subjects, but this book is not much, we deal in engineering construction work, various forms of template conscientiously summarize, in the future work of each type of architecture, the template is way more convenient, and constantly improving work and progress. Six, in template engineering in reinforced concrete construction is the important role, all countries in the world in the study and improve template construction technology and craft, with the establishment of the company, professional templates template engineering development will continue to fast and save direction. Template engineering 。
4.工程类论文题目和摘要翻译成英文
Thesis topic: construction project bidding decision-making and research skills
[Abstract] project tender main line, the decision-making methods of tendering, the factors affecting the decision-making, tender offer strategy and risk analysis. Bidding process in the often appear in the pros and cons of the various methods of test and the need to pay attention to expounded.
Town words: Skills Project Bidding
Thesis topic: Engineering Change to study the impact of cost management
[Abstract] FID1C articles based on the engineering change to the definition that, in accordance with the principle of fairness and efficiency of the process described in the cost of engineering change management principles and methods and examples of the contract denominated in the corresponding item in the contract and no accordingly denominated project engineering change the basis for determining price, the principles, methods.
Town words: Engineering Change Cost Management FIDIC Terms
Thesis topic: real estate investment risk theory
[Abstract] from the perspective of the real estate investment real estate on the definition of risk, risk to the real estate industry source identification. With the current domestic economic policies to the real estate investment risk analysis, and in accordance with the types of real estate investment risks were taken appropriate measures and methods to make the process of real estate investments in order to minimize the risk level.
Town words: real estate risk
5.求一篇关于建筑结构的英文论文及翻译
Big span structure of FRP network analysis and forecastAbstract: this article will introduce a new big span structure, FRP netting structure. In a FRPWWS structure, high intensity of FRP materials like Chinese bamboo weaving of bamboo is a planar formation in the mesh network, the periphery of the structure of the anchorage in a JuanXing beam, the structure of the center for the anchorage netting another within the parameters. Threads on knitting production structure on the initial stress and advance within the parameters of surface movement to meet additional tension of various load resistance. Due to the high FRP materials, materials - weight ratio of this new form for some big span structure of space construction provides an attractive option, the span longer than conventional structural materials building span. In this paper, firstly introduces the basic structure of FRPWWS simple steps, then layout and construction illustrates three basic types of weaving structure, but also put forward some changes this way. This paper introduces a simple mechanical model for the mechanical deformation of FRP single, also gives an example of the structure of the finite element analysis process.A, introductionFRP is a new type of structural materials, in recent years in civil engineering research is very active. Because he has some good performance, such as corrosion, light weight, high strength, good fatigue resistance and low cost of maintenance, it was thought to be built in new century building long-span structure of ideal, but it is in some aspects of the traditional mechanical properties and structure of the material or have obvious difference, such as its various heterosexual phenomenon. Due to the uniqueness of FRP materials, the effective use of FRP materials and traditional building materials can span, it is necessary to study the new big span structure. Maeda et al. (2002) is built with the idea of FRP materials 5000 metres of suspension bridge spanIn this paper, the FRP netting structure of a kind of brand-new big span structure. This new structure form in a large span to try to effectively use the roof of FRP material performance. In FRPWWS structure, high intensity of FRP compiling Chinese traditional bamboo as the same are woven into a bamboo plane mesh structure. This mesh structure parameters on the anchoring outside outside, the structure of the center and a smaller parameters used in anchorage ribbon. Figure 1 is a small FRPWWS structure model. "Weave" to ensure the smooth of FRP materials at first, to the extent of FRP weave on the prestressed concrete. Then, through the surface movement within the parameters of FRP netting, to pull through the process of prestressing tendons tensile or may have certain parameters including the gravity. Therefore, the FRP nets formed a with two parameters of large-span roofs, the FRP nets set stiffness can resist all sorts of load.FRPWWS structure similar to the cable networks or cable retinal structure: they constitute part is flexible, By stretching and caused to resist geometric stiffness of load. However, FRPWWS structure has its unique advantages: (1) the weight of FRP materials of low and vertically superior materials properties are effective utilization and transverse weaknesses, but not exposed in the structure of large span of FRP system is ideal, (2) the interchange of FRP plait will produce the huge damping, thereby strengthening structural anti-seismic capability, (3) there are rules of netting modelling makes surface is beautiful, (4) due to corrosion and gravity small installation and maintenance costs low.This paper introduces a simple FRPWWS structure of the basic layout and construction steps. The plane was roughly threads for three. Also puts forward some practical application examples of the FRPWWS space. Proposes a used nets in the mechanical model of single FRP. Finally describes a simple analysis of finite element method FRPWWS examples.Second, simple FRPWWS layoutA summary of FRP netting structure includes a FRP weaving, used to anchor the outer ring beam and inner beam and one for the extra gravity tension loading or a group of prestress reinforcement, as shown in figure 1.Nets are woven from article by FRP, also recommend guest FRP or other high-performance carbon fiber hybrid woven article. Carbon fiber FRP in recent years is widely applied to high strength concrete structure of new materials, it is usually made by extrusion, including fiber to 65%. By China and the Swiss production of two kinds of representative products performance data in table 1 shows prosperity.Due to the 。
6.毕业论文翻译摘要及题目
The excessive packing of hazard and the solutionThe national advocate a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society, the energy conservation environmental protection, green consumption. The global environment deteriorating, make people realize the harmonious development between man and society environment of importance. But now in China commodity packaging is not obvious green behavior, and even presents another kind of style, the excessive packing, extravagance and waste such phenomena as the proliferation and distorted the original packaging. Excessive packing goods with circular economy development in China, building economical society, not only wastes from resource and energy and environmental pollution, but also violated the interests of consumers, increase the economic burden of consumers, the development of the whole society. In order to effectively curb excessive commodity packaging, must establish long-term mechanism, improve curb excessive commodity packaging system of laws, this article mainly from the excessive packing of hazard, causes, and the solution of these aspects. Advocate reasonable consumption, moderate consumption concept of consumption and consumer behavior.软件翻译。
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