众文网1.帮忙写一篇有关种族歧视的英文论文,200字,急
The injustices suffered by victims of racial discrimination and related intolerance are well known: limited employment opportunities, segregation, and endemic poverty are only a few among these. The disadvantages faced by women in societies around the world are also familiar: lower pay for work of equal value, high illiteracy rates and poor access to health care. While race is one reason for inequality and gender is another, they are not mutually exclusive forms of discrimination. Indeed, too often they intersect, giving rise to compounded or double discrimination.
For many women factors relating to their social identity such as race, color, ethnicity and national origin become "differences that make a difference." These factors can create problems that are unique to particular groups of women or that disproportionately affect some women relative to others.
你自已改通俗易懂不就行了？
2.有没有写过中英文化差异方面的英语毕业论文~
这是未修改的！前言结论部分Preface : Implement open policy, expand external trade , it is countries all over the world that move towards the modernized only way. After World War II, Japan , West Germany economic rejuvenation and prosperity, mainly depended on developing foreign trade to a great extent, utilize the foreign capitals and introduce technology. Developing countries are for instance Argentina, India , Mexico , Brazil , Singapore ,etc., since the sixties of the 20th century, export trade has increased too quickly. The foreign trade of countries , such as Russia , eastern Europe ,etc. is increasing constantly too, and introduce the key equipment and technology from the western countries, have promoted the development of national economy. Drawing the experience of the western countries, we must take the road to opening to the outside world unswervingly , because it is the only way of economic development of various countries, we should be from this question of great attention of strategy. Since entering 1990s, since the end of cold war between east and west, the momentum of the trade internationalization was held more and more, the barrier of international trade is removed, new International Trade Organization set up in succession, the certain areas have already broken through the restriction of the national boundaries and formed the united market . The constant development of international trade, has presented the new characteristic Conclusion: These new characteristics of international trade are the objective response that the economic globalization is being deepened constantly. The global survey report that the global investment prospect of The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development of the United Nations predicts the system shows, the global foreign direct investment question expert of overwhelming majority , trans-corporation and investment promote the organizations to all predict, within short middle period in the future, the global foreign flow of direct investment will show a tendency to increase, overall arrangement that this will change international trade and flow into and divide the work with the industry deeply further. The trade revenue and expenditure divided with the national boundaries can't already reflect the balanced state of trade in the realistic economic life , interdependence and factor of rubing run side by side and increase thereupon , and the mechanism construction of global trade lags behind seriously, the stability influencing world commerce to increase on quite great degree, may become the great factor of restricting steady development of the world economy and trade .。
3.中西文化差异英语论文（3000字以上）
一、引言 文化，这两种孕育自不同半球的文化，由于历史、地理环境、生产制度等方面的原因，有着极大的差异，截然不同的特色。
这两种文化差异，一直备受关注。随着全球化的到来，全世界各民族间商业交流往来的日益频繁，了解中西方文化价值差异可以更好促进民族间经济、文化交流与沟通，从而避免所引起的不必要的误会和麻烦，导致的文化休克（culture shock）或交际失败（communication failure）。
而语言是文化的载体，是文化的一部分，很大程度上反映了文化。谚语作为“民族文化之明镜”，来自于生活，更深刻地反映了民族文化特色，体现了人们的生产生活、思想观念、文化取向，具有持久的生命力、广泛的通俗性、生动的口语化的特点。
英国著名学者培根曾说过：“The genius, wit and spirit of a nation are discovered in its proverbs.”（一个民族的天才、智慧和精神，都可以在其谚语中发现。）本文将从汉英谚语入手谈谈中西文化在地理环境、宗教信仰、历史、文学传统、民族性格、思想观念等方面的差异。
二、地理环境 文化是在一定的自然环境里生发出来的。人们所生存的不同环境势必影响人 们的生活、生产方式，影响人们对客观外界的观察与思考。
人们以通俗形象的语言来讲述自己的生活体验，描述自然现象，总结生产实践，概括生产经验。这些语言口口相传，千锤百炼，成为大家喜闻乐诵的谚语。
这些谚语必然反映出自然环境的不同特征，带有鲜明的地域文化和生态文化的色彩。英国是个岛国，四面环海，海岸线曲折多变，港湾楔入，岛屿众多。
这样的自然环境给英国人提供了舟楫之便。人们在长期的航运渔业生活中，创造出数以百计的英语谚语，反映他们对生活及大自然的体验和观察。
如：There's as good fish in the sea as ever come out of it.有了大海，还怕没鱼。No fishing like fishing in the sea.捕鱼要到大海。
Who will not be ruled by the rudder must be ruled by the rock.船离舵，要闯祸。A dog in the morning,sailors take warning; a dog in the night is the sailors' delight.朝虹出天际，水手心事重，夜间见彩虹，水手乐哈哈。
He goes a great voyage that goes to bottom of the sea.到达海底的人，才算做了一次远航。特殊的地理环境形成了特有的岛国气候。
英国气候潮湿，天气变化大，岛上晴天少，雨天多，且多阵雨，因此，英国人出门常带把雨伞。由于英国天气变化无常的缘故，英国人非常关心天气，也喜欢谈论天气，并因此而产生了许多关于天气的谚语[1](P85):April weather, rain and shine both together.一边日出一边雨，晴雨无常四月天。
An English summer, three(or two)hot days and a thunderstorm.英国的一个夏季，三（两）个热天一阵大雷雨。A misty morning may have a fine day.早晨有雾露，可能是晴天。
When the wind's in the west, the weather's at the best.风从西方起，天气最佳丽。而处于另一个半球的中国则有着不同的地理自然风貌，中华文明发源于长江黄河流域，中国自古是典型的农耕社会，人们过着自给自足的农耕生活，农业是国民经济的重要支柱，农业在历代政府中都受到极大的重视。
因此产生了许多与农业相关的谚语。如：庄稼百样巧，地是无价宝。
人勤地不懒，勤奋谷仓满。 田里无神无鬼，全靠肥料土水。
庄稼老汉不知闲，放下锄头拿扁担。 农夫不种田，城里断炊烟。
田像一块铁，在于人来打。[2](P240-241) 我国的天气谚语，从量上、质上，以及悠久的历史传统上，值得称道。
如“灶烟往下埋，不久雨就来”、“春天孩儿脸，一日变三变”、“太阳颜色黄，明日大风狂”、“久晴大雾必阴，久雨大雾必晴”、“夜里星光明，明朝仍旧晴”等等。[1](P85) 三、特定历史 每个民族都以不同的方式在人类历史的画卷中写着自己特定的历史。
从谚语中可以一窥历史风云变化。英国从十六世纪开始发展资本主义，经济迅速发展并逐渐开始迅速向海外扩张，掠夺资本主义原料，进行资本主义的原始积累。
Shoe-maker's wife goes bare feet.这句谚语正是出自于十六世纪资本主义新兴时期，小资本家拼命发家致富，属于手工业者的鞋匠们为积攒钱财，竟然连给妻子买鞋穿的钱都不舍得花。十七世纪起英国在东印度扩张，十八世纪中叶建立殖民统治。
He came safe from the East –India, and was drowned in the Thames.他从东印度安然归来，却淹死于泰晤士河。[3](P79)英国历史上曾遭到多次其他国家的入侵。
罗马统治期间，社会生活罗马化，拉丁语是官方、法律、商业和法律用语。丹麦人侵占期间，丹麦语也传入英国。
1066年法国诺曼底登陆后，英国为法国所征服。 法语很长时期成为英国的官方语言，贵族、朝臣、地主和上流社会都使用法语，如当时的英国国王爱德华是完全不会说英语的国王，因此有英谚云：Jack would be a gentleman if he could speak French.要是杰克能讲法语，那他就是个绅士了。
而三种语言交配混合到英语中，充实了英语语言，也带来了许多拉丁语、法语谚语。[1](P84) Anger is a short madness .愤怒是短暂的疯狂。
（拉丁语） Art is long, life is short. 艺术是无限，生命是有限的。（拉丁语） All 。
4.求一篇关于种族歧视的英语文章,
In America, the racial discrimination is everywhere, the racial conflict often happen, the black people are treated as slaves by white people, they often have the lowest salary, insurance and many unfair treatment. Nowadays, the racial discrimination isn't just between the white and the black, many other races in American are discriminated by the local people and they don't have right to protect themselves In 2003 ,a white people Doug Williams who hate the black people brought weapon to kill five black people then killed himself. why American racial discrimination is so serious? 1. The mind of the racial discrimination exist in many white people's minds. They always treat the black people as slaves or think them as criminals. 2. Some of the black people in America become lazy and crazy, they don't work and do harmful things to the society, such as robbing, stealing and killing people. 3. The government don't pay more attention on the racial discrimination, sometimes they maybe deprive the black people's rights to maintain the white people's rights. 4. The conflict of history which the black people try to get fair treatment is too short, many person don't realize their rights deprived. 5. A widening gap between rich and poor is a reason cause the racial discrimination. 6.the essence of the problem is that the competition between the race and other race, it likes the regional protectionism（地方保护主义）. how to eliminate racial discrimination 1. A great leader 2. A responsible government 3. A justice international organization 4. A high quality people and an equal mind A great leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.was an American political activist, the most famous leader of the American civil rights movement, Considered a peacemaker throughout the world for his promotion of nonviolence and equal treatment for different races, he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1968. His most influential and well-known speech is the "I Have A Dream" speech A responsible government Ensure black rights, especially employment, medical treatment, insurance and social welfare To strengthen national equality and harmony of the propaganda and education, stop the spread of racism A justice international organization the United Nations must take responsibility to control the racial discrimination, help to eliminate poverty in developing countries, narrow the gap between rich and poor, and strongly advocated ethnic equality, harmonious and the dialogue between different civilizations A high quality people and an equal mind Give every races an equal education and job chances, keep the equal mind to treat everyone, improve human rights consciousness The black people should improve their quality to win respect of the white people The white people should correct their attitude towards the black, and give hands to the black people who need help We have a long way to go But we must believe :love is color blind。
5.有没有写过中英文化差异方面的英语毕业论文~
这是未修改的！前言结论部分Preface : Implement open policy, expand external trade , it is countries all over the world that move towards the modernized only way. After World War II, Japan , West Germany economic rejuvenation and prosperity, mainly depended on developing foreign trade to a great extent, utilize the foreign capitals and introduce technology. Developing countries are for instance Argentina, India , Mexico , Brazil , Singapore ,etc., since the sixties of the 20th century, export trade has increased too quickly. The foreign trade of countries , such as Russia , eastern Europe ,etc. is increasing constantly too, and introduce the key equipment and technology from the western countries, have promoted the development of national economy. Drawing the experience of the western countries, we must take the road to opening to the outside world unswervingly , because it is the only way of economic development of various countries, we should be from this question of great attention of strategy. Since entering 1990s, since the end of cold war between east and west, the momentum of the trade internationalization was held more and more, the barrier of international trade is removed, new International Trade Organization set up in succession, the certain areas have already broken through the restriction of the national boundaries and formed the united market . The constant development of international trade, has presented the new characteristic Conclusion: These new characteristics of international trade are the objective response that the economic globalization is being deepened constantly. The global survey report that the global investment prospect of The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development of the United Nations predicts the system shows, the global foreign direct investment question expert of overwhelming majority , trans-corporation and investment promote the organizations to all predict, within short middle period in the future, the global foreign flow of direct investment will show a tendency to increase, overall arrangement that this will change international trade and flow into and divide the work with the industry deeply further. The trade revenue and expenditure divided with the national boundaries can't already reflect the balanced state of trade in the realistic economic life , interdependence and factor of rubing run side by side and increase thereupon , and the mechanism construction of global trade lags behind seriously, the stability influencing world commerce to increase on quite great degree, may become the great factor of restricting steady development of the world economy and trade .。
6.英语毕业论文模板
英语专业的论文我就多了，不过你给的分也太多了点，给你发些题目吧，追加就分，给个红旗，同性恋和文化多元性《德伯家的苔丝》悲剧成因探析 浅析广告英语中的修辞西方思潮对当代中国青年的负面影响论美国电影对中国电影业造成冲击的原因 逃避，不如直面 ——浅谈“逃避主义”的根源 英汉广告文化和翻译从尊卑与平权看中西方文化的道德差异分析《傲慢与偏见》中的一个次要人物 做合格的外贸人才——针对英语专业在校生从电影《美丽人生》看完美男人形象 浅谈中学英语听说教学 从《宠儿》透视美国黑人女性的悲剧与成长《哈姆雷特》戏剧中的悲剧因素 英国女王伊丽莎白一世的宗教改革 英国战争对英语习语的影响 个体语言与语境 开发草地生态旅游促进西部经济发展 海丝特与卡米拉爱情观的对比分析 愉快教学法在初中英语教学中的研究中学英语教学中的肢体语言的应用 解读《简。
爱》的帝国主义意识 浅析美国早期移民文化 中国和西方的酒文化 中英死亡委婉语对比分析苔丝的反叛精神 浅谈交际法在中学英语教学中的应用 关于攀枝花市公示语汉英翻译的调查与分析 消除不良商标翻译的策略 大学英语教学中的弊端及对策 论美国“西进运动”的双刃性 七曲山大酒店的管理弊端及其对策 从《鲁滨逊漂流记》看人的性格对命运的决定作用 企业文化对企业发展的作用 论中西方文学作品对正面人物的刻画 一位坚强独立的女性——简·爱 试论格萨拉生态旅游区的现状及发展前景妇女——当代美国社会不可小觑的力量 浅谈格萨拉景区旅游开发前景 像鲁滨逊一样在逆境中创造精彩 初中英语课堂互动教学的探索 论旅游英语的特征 中学生个体差异与英语素质教育商标语的翻译 初中学生个体差异与英语教学 论《美国悲剧》中萝贝塔的悲剧性 从现代汉语中的外来词看中国文化对西方文化的吸收与 论《白象似的群山》中海明威独特的写作风格 攀枝花民族中学英语教学特性分析及对策 从福娃“改名”谈文化词的翻译策略 美国英语与英国英语在词汇上的差异 非语言交际在中学英语教学中的有效应用 从《哈利·波特》看儿童的成长 浅析苔丝之死 《老人与海》象征主义探究 “师道尊严”对当代中国英语教学的负面影响 日常生活中提高英语口语方法探析 攀枝花生态旅游的发展 在国际商务谈判中建立良好第一印象的技巧 从《西风颂》看英国积极浪漫主义的特征 企业文化在企业发展中的作用 习语及习语的汉英翻译盖茨比美国梦的幻灭——透视现实生活中的爱情 文化差异对第二语言学习的影响 浅析爱默生的《论自助》——人生自主的源泉 在中西方文化背景中对龙的不同阐释 论教学交往互动中的对话 冷战后美国外交的文化阐释 网络对当代青少年的影响 欧美人所理解之天堂世界观 基于作品人物浅析菲茨杰拉德 中国80后一代眼中的美国文化和中国文化 解读《皆大欢喜》中的浪漫主义 从《红字》和《荆棘鸟》看宗教禁欲主义下的爱情跨文化交际与中西文化冲突 谈如何理解海明威《一个干净明亮的地方》网络在中学英语教学中的应用 我看简·爱的爱情 中美家庭教育与个人能力培养 试论言语行为理论在广告语中的运用 《老人与海》的悲剧色彩：对完美主义的质疑 英语名的取名艺术 英语名的取名艺术 分析简·爱的美 中西文化中颜色词的象征意义 重拾爱伦·坡的哥特小说——从写作手法剖析 论《红字》中的孤独因素 汉语语言环境对英语学习的影响 小学英语教育中的新方法 中西方婚俗的差异 斯佳丽：“旧”时代的“新”女性 交际法在中学英语课堂的应用 论修辞在英语广告中的应用 中国西部未来人才需要 论福斯塔夫的性格 从《喧哗与骚动》中凯蒂的悲剧看20世纪初女性的社会 从商标及广告翻译看中英文化差异 儿童英语的交互性教学 英文谚语的文化场景在中译文中的缺失与弥合 浅谈大学生英语口语表达能力的提高 美国高等教育的多元化 教师在小学英语教学中的角色和作用分析罗密欧与朱丽叶的爱情悲剧之研究 放松艺术——论失落情绪的消除社会底层的底层——分析美国非裔妇女的社会地位论中西饮食文化差异 文化认同的悲剧 从美国“迷惘的一代”看当今中国年轻人的生活 中美文化视野中对个人主义的认同差异透过《飘》看现代女性对待生活的态度 美国社会的葛朗台现象 多种方法，提高初中英语课堂效益学前幼儿的英语口语教学方法和技巧 论毒品对青少年的危害 从原创广告分析中美文化差异 乐山大佛风景区宗教旅游资源的研究 从迷茫的玛尔特的悲剧看女性存在的社会价值从伊丽莎白一世的婚姻看现代爱情观 美国黑人文化得以幸存的原因解析 激发学生学习英语的兴趣 英国的民族个性——高贵与务实在饮食中的表现 大学双语教学的现状及对策 倾城之恋》与《飘》的女性主义解读 浅析中国慈善事业发展现状 思想的解放 理性的光芒 浅析美国的个人主义与中国的集体主义林奇与狼牙山五 从英汉习语的翻译看中西方文化差异初中英语教学的弊端及对策论家庭教育和学校教育的结合 都市边缘文化中西方同性恋文化浅析 《简·爱》的浪漫主义解读冷战后的美国对外战略 洋快餐对中国饮食文化的影响 中国教育体制下情境教学法的误区 美国俚语中的文化特征美国黑人文化的灵魂—。
7.我想找两篇关于歧视的英语文章,急
1)Facts About Pregnancy DiscriminationThe Pregnancy Discrimination Act is an amendment to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions constitutes unlawful sex discrimination under Title VII. Women affected by pregnancy or related conditions must be treated in the same manner as other applicants or employees with similar abilities or limitations.HiringAn employer cannot refuse to hire a woman because of her pregnancy related condition as long as she is able to perform the major functions of her job. An employer cannot refuse to hire her because of its prejudices against pregnant workers or the prejudices of co-workers, clients or customers.Pregnancy and Maternity LeaveAn employer may not single out pregnancy related conditions for special procedures to determine an employee's ability to work. However, an employer may use any procedure used to screen other employees' ability to work. For example, if an employer requires its employees to submit a doctor's statement concerning their inability to work before granting leave or paying sick benefits, the employer may require employees affected by pregnancy related conditions to submit such statements.If an employee is temporarily unable to perform her job due to pregnancy, the employer must treat her the same as any other temporarily disabled employee; for example, by providing modified tasks, alternative assignments, disability leave or leave without pay.Pregnant employees must be permitted to work as long as they are able to perform their jobs. If an employee has been absent from work as a result of a pregnancy related condition and recovers, her employer may not require her to remain on leave until the baby's birth. An employer may not have a rule which prohibits an employee from returning to work for a predetermined length of time after childbirth.Employers must hold open a job for a pregnancy related absence the same length of time jobs are held open for employees on sick or disability leave.Health InsuranceAny health insurance provided by an employer must cover expenses for pregnancy related conditions on the same basis as costs for other medical conditions. Health insurance for expenses arising from abortion is not required, except where the life of the mother is endangered.Pregnancy related expenses should be reimbursed exactly as those incurred for other medical conditions, whether payment is on a fixed basis or a percentage of reasonable and customary charge basis.The amounts payable by the insurance provider can be limited only to the same extent as costs for other conditions. No additional, increased or larger deductible can be imposed.Employers must provide the same level of health benefits for spouses of male employees as they do for spouses of female employees.Fringe BenefitsPregnancy related benefits cannot be limited to married employees. In an all-female workforce or job classification, benefits must be provided for pregnancy related conditions if benefits are provided for other medical conditions.If an employer provides any benefits to workers on leave, the employer must provide the same benefits for those on leave for pregnancy related conditions.Employees with pregnancy related disabilities must be treated the same as other temporarily disabled employees for accrual and crediting of seniority, vacation calculation, pay increases and temporary disability benefits.2)Mortgage Discrimination The Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) and the Fair Housing Act (FHA) protect you against discrimination when you apply for a mortgage to purchase, refinance, or make home improvements. Your Rights Under ECOA The ECOA prohibits discrimination in any aspect of a credit transaction based on: race or color; religion; national origin; sex; marital status; age (provided the applicant has the capacity to contract); the applicant抯 receipt of income derived from any public assistance program; and the applicant抯 exercise, in good faith, of any right under the Consumer Credit Protection Act, the umbrella statute that includes ECOA. Your Rights Under FHA The FHA prohibits discrimination in all aspects of residential real-estate related transactions, including: making loans to buy, build, repair, or improve a dwelling; selling, brokering, or appraising residential real estate; and selling or renting a dwelling. It also prohibits discrimination based on: race or color; national origin; religion; sex; familial status (defined as children under the age of 18 living with a parent or legal guardian, pregnant women, and 。
8.英语跨文化专业毕业论文怎么写
英语跨文化毕业论文不难写的，不要抄袭，有自己的观点就行。当时也是自己弄被老师退了几次，后来还是师姐给的莫文网，非常靠谱，很快就过关了
大学英语跨文化教学中的问题与对策——一项基于黑龙江科技大学的个案研究
大学英语跨文化教学的模式构建——研究现状与理论思考
新课标下高中英语跨文化意识的培养
大学英语跨文化交际能力培养体系研究与实践
英语跨文化交际敏感域和交际策略研究
高中生英语跨文化交际能力的调查研究
农村小学生英语跨文化交际能力的调查研究
语用学在英语跨文化交际中的应用
英语跨文化交际教学研究
英语跨文化交际能力的调查与思考
论高中生英语跨文化意识和交际能力的培养
英语跨文化交际教学的思考
大学英语跨文化教学存在的问题及对策分析
高校英语跨文化教学探析
英文电影在综合英语跨文化教学中的运用 优先出版
基于跨文化交际的大学英语教学模式研究
鸟瞰英语跨文化交际教学
大学英语跨文化教学中的问题与对策
论高中英语跨文化教学
大学英语跨文化教学模式的构建
大学英语跨文化教学的模式构建——研究现状与理论思考
建构主义理论视阈下的英语跨文化交际教学模式构建
论多元文化语境中英语跨文化交际能力的培养
中职英语教学中跨文化交际意识培养的研究
旅游英语跨文化教学的模式构建——基于英语涉外导游培养课程
大学英语跨文化教学现状分析与对策
从香港语言教学经验看英语跨文化教学缺陷
初中英语跨文化教学的思考
英语跨文化写作中的认知心理机制
英语跨文化交际教学中的问题探讨
新课改环境下初中英语跨文化教学的问题和解决策略
高职高专英语跨文化教学中面临的问题及对策
创建中学英语跨文化教学的环境
9.准备写一篇关于“语言也能产生歧视”的论文,麻烦推荐几本参考书
Bibliography I .Adamsky, Cathryn. Changes in pronominal usage in a classroom situation. Psychology of Women Quarterly 5 [J]: 733一779, 1981. 2. Andersen, M. L. and Collins, P. H. Race, Class, and Gender. Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1995. 3. Bloor Thomas and Bloor Meriel. The Functional Analysis of English: A Hailidayan Approach. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2000. 4. Bolinger, D. Language: the Loaded Weapon. London: Longman, 1980. 5. Brown, Gillian and George Yule. Discourse Ana加is. Cambridge University Press, 1983. 6. Butler, C. S. Systemic Linguistics: Theory and Application. London: Batsford, 1985. 7. Butler Judith. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge, 1990. 8. Cameron, Deborah. Feminism and Linguistic Theory. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992. 9. Coates, Jennifer. Women, Men and Language. London&New York: Longman, 1986. 10. Crawford, M. Talking D沙rence: On Gender and Language. London: Sage, 1995. 11.Cutler, A.,McQueen, J.M.&Robinson, K. Elizabeth and John: sound patterns of men's and women's names. Journal of Linguistics, 26 (1990), 471-482. I2. Daly, Mary. Gynecology: The Metaethics of Radical Feminism. Boston: Beacon Press, 1978. 13. Ellis, R. Understanding Second Language Acquisition. Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1999. 14. Fairclough, Norman. Language and Power. London&New York: Longman, 1989. I5. Fairclough, Norman. Critical Language Awareness. London: Longman, 1992. 16. Fasold, R. W. The Sociolinguistics of Language. Oxford: Blackwell, 1990. 17. Fowler, Roger. Linguistic Criticism. Oxford University Press, 1986. I8. Gibbon, Margaret. Feminist Perspectives on Language. New York: Person Education Limited, 1999. 19. Graham, Alma. The Making of a Non-sexist Dictionary. In Barrie Thorne and Nancy Henley eds, pp. 57一63, 1975. 20. Halliday, M. A. K. An Introduction to Functional Grammar (Second Edition). Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2000. 21 .Hendricks, C. and Oliver, K. Language and Liberation: Feminism, Philosop似and Language. New York: State University of New York Press, 1999. 22. Hudson, R. A. Sociolinguistics. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2000. 23. Jespersen, O. The Growth and Structure of the English Language. New York: Doubleday, 1938. 24. Key, M. R. Male，作male Language. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1975. 25. Kidd, Virginia. A study of the images produced through the use of the male pronoun. Moments in Contemporary Rhetoric and Communication 1(2) [J]: 25一30, 1971. 26. Lakoff, R. Language and Women's Place. New York: Harper and Row, 1975. 27. Lyons John. Linguistic Semantics: An Introduction. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2000. 28. Martyna, Wendy. What does `he'mean? Use of the Generic Masculine. Journal of Communication 28 (1) [J]: 130一139, 1978. 29. Miller, Casey and Swift, Kate. The Handbook of Nonsexist Writing: for writers, editors and speakers. New York: Lippincott and Crowell, 1980. 30. Mills, Sara. Feminist Stylistics. London: Routledge, 1995. 31. Mills, Sara. Post Feminist Text Analysis. Language and Literature, Nov. 1998. 32. Nilsen, Alleen P.; Bosmajian, Haig eds. Sexism and Language. Urbana, Ill.: National Council of Teachers of English, 1977. 33. Pauwels, Anne. Women Changing Language. London&New York: Addison Wesley Longman, 1998. 34. Penelope, Julia. Speaking Freely. New York: Pergamon Press, 1990. 35. Scollon, Ron and Scollon W. Suzanne. Intercultural Communication: A Discourse Approach. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. 2000. 36. Simpson, P. Language, Ideology, and Point of 1Tew. New York: Routledge, 1993. 37. Spender, Dale. Man-made Language (2"d edition). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985. 38. Stanley, Julia, P. Gender-marking in American English: usage and reference. In Alleen P. Nilsen, Haig Bosmajian, etc. eds Sexism and Language. Urbana, Ill.: National Council of Teachers of English, pp. 43一74, 1977. 39. Thorne, B&Henley, N. eds Language and Sex: Difference and Dominance. Mass: Newbury House, 1975. 40. Thorne, Barrier Kramarae, Cheris; Henley, Nancy eds. Language, Gender, and Society. Mass: Newbury House Publishers, 1983. 41 .Todd, A. Dundas and Fisher, Sue, ed. Gender and Discourse: the Power of Talk. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex Pub. Corp., 1988. 42. Wardhaugh, Ronald. Language in Competition. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987. 4。
10.帮忙写（找）一篇关于研究中西方文化差异的论文
Western novels in comparison First, Western novels in the history of the development of Western novels are based on myths and legends of its origin. In ancient times, science developed, out of fear of nature, the working people out of the imagination is the key to many of the world "God", describing the personification of God is a myth; who will describe the deified, that is legend. China opened the world's Pan story, the story of San Juan Five Emperors, the West Greek mythology, Roman mythology, Norse mythology, and so on are all typical works. East and West, the original novel, is closely linked with the history, as historical records complement the event. China Pre-Qin prose in the fable, the Han dynasty in the history books, biographies, the Wei and Jin Zhi, Zhi-person novel; the West of ancient Babylon, "the United States and Ji Jia disabilities epic", in ancient Greece, "Homer's epic," "Aesop's Fables "And so on, fall into this category, fiction, novels such novels have been about the characteristics of fiction, it is still not the literary creation, directly from the private collection record, so this type of fiction plot is relatively simple, writing rough comparison. Ban Gu said, "On the Street Lane words, hearsay are made of" is a novel kind of accurate assessment of the image. China's Tang Dynasty, the novel is only from history and literature become a creativity. Tang Dynasty culture has developed, the author's ideas are more open, the legend came into being at this time, Li Zhaowei "Liu Yi Chuan", Po Chu's "Everlasting Regret," Wolf's "Everlasting Regret Chuan" And so on, are made in accordance with the creation of the legend. For the fictional story of the Tang Dynasty more emphasis on imagination and literary talent, not just the history of the nature of things, but as the history of Zhi Zhi who is also the novel did not stop. The Legend of the Song Dynasty to the novel on a gradual decline, which followed the rise of this so that after processing will become a scholar so many novel and Romance novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Outlaws of the Marsh", "Journey to the West." The author of such novels is the use of private creative and re-created to describe the circumstances of the touching scenes of brilliant and vivid active in shaping the character known, there are obvious story-telling style of language. Here by the redevelopment, it will become an independent literary creation rather than things to come together with the civil process, the representative of this type is the "Golden Lotus", it was an open and ordinary life on the road, the reality is that literature has come a long way The development of the latter's "A Dream of Red Mansions" in ancient China Geng Shiba realism to the novels of the summit. "54" after the novelist began to learn from China's western fiction writing practices, and gradually out a new path. Western novels, is the "Renaissance" after the rapid development of mature. The development of the Middle Ages novel near-stagnation in the West, 14, the end of the century "Renaissance" to overthrow the literature of the Church of control, 15, appeared in the western end of the century to promote freedom of thought and the liberation of personality in order to describe the reality of life and portray characters from all walks of life for the content of the Humanist novels, is to tie in with this type of novel anti-feudal Europe at the time of arising at the same time it also set the novel in the West to human describing the tone of the main things. Jiaqiu Italy's "Decameron", Spain's Cervantes "Don Quixote" is the kind of representative works of fiction. The resulting novel is a classical, elegant favor of its national language to standardize the writing of this novel in 17th century France's most well-developed. As a note on behalf of Corneille's "Cid" neoclassical story of the rise of Western novels have been a language substantially improved. The beginning of the 18th century to promote popular science knowledge, enlightenment of the public consciousness for the purpose of the Enlightenment novels, of which there are relatively well-known German Goethe's "Faust", the United Kingdom Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" and the Swift "Gulliver's Travels" and so on, this type of novel to the emergence of the bourgeois revolution at the time to mold public opinion. In the 19th century, romantic fiction, realistic novels and critical realism novel turn to occupy the leading position in the field of fiction. Romantic novels, such as France Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris", Goethe's "juvenile Witt of trouble" and so on,。
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